贵州贫困农村室内不同燃料产生PM_(10)的微观特征  

Microscopic characteristics of indoor PM_(10) sourced from different fuels in poor rural areas in Guizhou Province

作　　者：李金娟[1] 郭兴强[1] 俞相阳[1] 杨荣师 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵州贵阳550003 [2]贵州省环境科学学会,贵州贵阳550002

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2012年第3期419-425,共7页China Environmental Science

基　　金：教育部重点项目(209112);贵州大学"211"重点学科建设项目(Karst200902号);贵州省教育厅重点项目(黔教高发[2009]331号)

摘　　要：应用高分辨率扫描电镜(SEM)和图像分析研究了贵州贫困农村不同燃料类型(拌泥煤、煤、蜂窝煤和柴)产生室内PM10的微观形貌和不同类型颗粒物的数量-粒度、体积-粒度分布.结果表明:不同类型燃料产生的PM10中颗粒物以烟尘及其集合体、矿物颗粒和飞灰为主,烟尘及其集合体均达到72.69%以上;在数量-粒度分布上,以煤和蜂窝煤燃烧产生的PM10中烟尘集合体和燃煤飞灰呈单峰分布;以拌泥煤为燃料产生的室内PM10中烟尘及其集合体呈单峰分布,燃煤飞灰呈双峰分布;以柴为燃料的室内PM10中烟尘及其集合体呈单峰分布.不同类型燃料产生的PM10中颗粒物体积-粒度分布基本呈单峰分布,主要分布在粒径>1.0μm.High-resolution scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and image analysis were employed to study morphology, number-size, and volume-size distributions of indoor PM10 sourced from different fuels （e.g., coal briquette, coal alone, honeycomb briquette, and wooden fuel） in poor rural areas in Guizhou Province. The results show that the main indoor particles include soot and its aggregates, mineral particles, and fly ash, Soot and its aggregates account for more than 72.69% by numbers in indoor PM10. The number-size distribution of soot and its aggregates and fly ash in PM10 produced by coal and honeycomb briquette shows a single peak mode; Soot and its aggregates show a single peak mode and coal fly ash show bimodal distribution from coal briquette （coal mixed with clay）; They show a single peak distribution from firewood. The volume-size distributions of particles in all samples basically show a single peak which mainly appears in particle diameter greater than 1.0um.

关 键 词：可吸入颗粒物(PM10)微观形貌:粒度分布:燃料类型 室内颗粒 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]