亚热带河流型水库浮游植物群落研究——以分水江水库为例  

Phytoplankton Community of Subtropical Riverine Reservoir——A Case Study of Fenshuijiang Reservoir

作　　者：盛海燕[1] 吴洁[2] 韩轶才[1] 何剑波[1] 姚佳玫[1] 虞左明[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州市环境保护科学研究院,浙江杭州310014 [2]杭州市环境监测中心站,浙江杭州310007

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2012年第1期24-31,共8页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：浙江省科技厅重大项目(2005C13001);杭州市科技发展计划重大项目(20052113A);浙江省自然科学基金(Y5110314)

摘　　要：为了解亚热带河流型水库——分水江水库蓄水后的水体富营养化状况与浮游植物群落结构特征,于2006年1月至2007年12月,对其进行了20次采样调查。结果表明,分水江水库总氮浓度较高,平均值大于2mg/L,氮污染严重,磷污染较轻,水质总体评价较差,为劣Ⅴ水体。分水江水库浮游植物群落组成以硅藻、隐藻和绿藻为主,密度为0.7×104～168310×104个/L,以富营养种类为主。浮游植物组成随季节变化而有所不同,春季以直链藻(Melosira)、实球藻(Pandorina)、盘星藻(Pediastrum)为优势类群;夏季以微囊藻(Microcystis)、鱼腥藻(Anabaena)、脆杆藻(Fragilaria)为优势类群;秋冬季以小环藻(Cyclotella)、针杆藻(Synedra)、蓝隐藻(Chroomonas)为主。分水江水库浮游植物密度、叶绿素a与降雨量均呈显著正相关,浮游植物的生长受水文气象条件变化的影响较大,间接说明分水江水库受面源污染比较严重。浮游植物密度和叶绿素a与水体理化因子也有较强的相关性,特别是水温、pH、溶解氧、高锰酸盐指数和总磷均与浮游植物呈显著正相关。This study examined eutrophication status and phytoplankton characteristics in a subtropic riverine reser- voir （ Fenshuijiang Reservoir） during Jan. 2006 and Dec. 2007, with a total of 20 samples surveyed. The result indicated that the concentration of total nitrogen （TN） was comparatively high, and water quality was of Grade V, with average value for TN concentration over 2 mg/L and with nitrogen pollution severe, whereas with less grave phosphorous contamination. The phytoplankton density ranging from 0.7 x 104 to 168310 x 104 ind./L, the phyto- plankton community in Fenshuijiang Reservoir comprised Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta and Cryptophyta, dominant in eutrophication phytoplankton, the composition of phytoplankton varied with the change of seasons, dominant spe- cies being Melosira, Pandorina and Pediastrum in spring, Microcystis, Anabaena and Fragilaria in summer, Cyclo- tella, Synedra and Chroomonas in autumn and winter. A significant positive correlation could be observed, （be- tween phytoplankton density and precipitation, chlorophyll a and precipitation respectively） and growth of phyto- plankton in Fenshuijiang Reservoir was conditioned by hydrometeorology status, which indirectly demonstrated that Fenshuijiang Reservoir was severely affected by non - point source pollution. Besides, significant positive correla- tions also existed between phytoplankton density, chlorophyll a and water physiochemical factors, specifically in terms of water temperature, pH, DO （ dissolved oxygen）, permanganate index, and TP （ total phosphorus）. High TN concentration but poor relationship with phytoplankton density implied that nitrogen was not a limiting factor in Fenshuijiang Reservoir.

关 键 词：分水江水库 浮游植物 理化因子 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学]