开放空间复杂地形人员疏散模拟研究  

Simulation Study on Pedestrian Evacuation in Open Space under Complicated Topographic Condition

作　　者：王丽[1] 刘茂[1] 孟博[2] 王炜[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学城市公共安全研究中心,天津300071 [2]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2012年第1期29-33,共5页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(70833003)

摘　　要：为研究开放空间复杂地形条件下人员疏散,开发出能够模拟行人疏散的三维可视化软件系统。将复杂多变的地形分解为一系列连续变化的坡面,分析斜坡上行人受力,考虑重力影响,在经典社会力模型的基础上,提出一个改进模型。选择某气井周边居民疏散案例,运用VC++和OpenGL图形库技术初步完成整合数字高程模型(DEM)、道路网络和行人特征的三维社会力人员疏散模拟程序。最后通过实例模拟,可以明显地观察到人群的动态疏散过程以及在灾难中的拥堵行为、转向躲避行为和超越行为。应用该模型,能够实现复杂地形人员疏散三维动态模拟,并快速预测疏散时间。In order to study the pedestrian evacuation in open space under complicated topographic condition, this paper develops a three-dimensional dynamic simulation program for pedestrian evacuation. At first, this paper proposes an improved social force model. In this model, the complex topography is decom- posed into a series of continuous varying slopes. Through analysis of forces acting on pedestrian on a slope, the component of gravity is added to the classical social force model to formulate the differential equation of pedestrian movement. Then, considering the residents evacuation around a gas well as a case, the DEM （Digital Elevation Model）, road net and physical characteristics are integrated by applying the platform of the Visual C ＋ ＋ 6.0 and the OpenGL 3D graphics library and a simulation program are developed for pe- destrian evacuation based on the 3D social force model. At last, the 3D dynamic visualization of pedestrian evacuation in complex terrain is realized and behaviors of pedestrians （ congestion, turning, collision avoiding and passing by） can be demonstrated vividly. The approach provided in this paper can also predict process and time for the evacuation in complex terrain.

关 键 词：改进的社会力模型 复杂地形 开放空间 疏散 可视化模拟 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学]