温度、盐度对似刺鳊鮈胚胎发育过程的影响  

Effects of temperature and salinity on the embryonic development of Paracanthobrama guichenoti

作　　者：徐钢春[1] 张守领[1] 顾若波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,农业部淡水渔业和种质资源利用重点实验室,江苏无锡214081

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2012年第1期72-75,共4页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2011JBFC11);江苏省水产三项工程项目(PJ2010-55)

摘　　要：设置10℃、15℃、20℃、24℃、27℃、30℃6个温度组和0‰、2.5‰、5‰、10‰、15‰、太湖湖水组6个盐度组,探讨了温度和盐度对似刺鳊鮈(Paracanthobrama guichenoti)胚胎发育的影响。温度实验结果表明:似刺鳊鮈胚胎发育的起始温度(生物学零度)为9.5℃,适宜的发育水温为20～24℃。水温10℃时胚胎卵裂异常,未能进入原肠期;水温升至30℃时胚胎在发育至原肠期前后死亡。水温度为24℃时孵化时间仅为73.5 h,孵化率高达80%,畸形率为0,为最适孵化水温;水温对胚胎发育速率的影响后期较前期大。盐度实验表明:似刺鳊鮈胚胎对盐度有一定的耐受力,各盐度梯度下的胚胎发育速率差异不大,但孵化率的差异极显著。在水温18℃、盐度为2.5‰的水体中胚胎的孵化率为81.67%,高于太湖湖水组的孵化率,此盐度应为似刺鳊鮈胚胎发育较适盐度。Fertilized eggs of Paracanthobrama guichenoti were treated with a serial temperatures （10 ℃, 15 ℃, 20 ℃, 24 ℃, 27 ℃, 30 ℃ ） and salinities （0%0, 2. 5%o, 5%., 10%o, 15%.） to identify the effects on embryonic develop- ment. The results from temperature experiments showed that the threshold and suitable water temperature for embryonic de- velopment were 9. 5 ℃ and 20 - 24 ℃, respectively. The cleavage was abnormal and no gastrulation was in progress when the temperature was 10 ℃. When the temperature reached 30 ℃, no embryos were survival before gastrul stage. However, at water temperature of 24℃, the incubation period was 73.5 h, the hatching and abnormality rate were 80% and 0%, respectively, these indicated that 24 ℃ was the optimal temperature. The water temperature had greater influence in the lat- er period of embryonic development. The results from salinity experiments showed that embryo P. guichenoti had a certain degree of tolerance of salinity. No significant difference in embryonic development speed was observed in fertilized eggs trea- ted with various salinities. However, a significant difference was found in hatching rate. The appropriate salinity was 2. 5%o, at which the hatching rate （81.67%） was higher than that of Taihu group （control group） at water temperature of 18℃.

关 键 词：似刺鳊鮈(Paracanthobrama guichenoti) 温度 盐度 胚胎发育 

分 类 号：S961.2[农业科学—水产养殖] Q132.4[农业科学—水产科学]