冬季南海北部海域微型浮游动物及其对浮游植物摄食压力研究  

Grazing pressure of microzooplankton on phytoplankton in northern South China Sea in winter

作　　者：郑丽平[1] 相卫国[1] 黄邦钦[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省海陆界面生态环境联合重点实验室、厦门大学环境科学研究中心,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《台湾海峡》2012年第1期72-78,共7页Journal of Oceanography In Taiwan Strait

基　　金：国家973计划资助项目(2009CB421203);国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(40730846)

摘　　要：2009年1月在南海北部海域的5个站位,采用稀释法和显微分析技术研究了浮游植物生长率及微型浮游动物对浮游植物的摄食压力,同时测定了微型浮游动物的丰度及类群组成.结果表明:南海北部微型浮游动物类群主要以无壳纤毛虫为主,南海北部微型浮游动物类群细胞丰度为33～529个/dm3.南海北部浮游植物生长率为0.45～1.83 d-1,微型浮游动物摄食率为0.44～1.76 d-1,摄食压力占浮游植物现存量的42.6%～82.8%,占初级生产力的97.3%～225.1%.近岸区摄食压力比陆架区高,表明冬季南海近岸区微型浮游动物摄食能够有效的控制浮游植物的生长,而陆架区浮游植物生长率大于摄食率,浮游植物存在着现存量的积累,微型浮游动物并不能完全控制浮游植物的生长.The growth and mortality rates on phytoplankton due to microzooplankton grazing were estimated at 5 stations in the northern South China Sea in December 2008 to January 2009, and microzooplankton composition and distribution of aloricate ciliates, tintinnids and copepod nauplii were studied with dilution method and microscopy. Results showed that the total microzooplankton abundance varied from 33 ind./dm^3 to 529 ind./dm^3. Aloricate ciliates dominated 75± 19% of the total microzooplankton abundance. The change of microzooplankton abundance was varying with Chl a concentration. Phytoplankton growth rates ranged from 0.45 to 1.83 per day while mortality rates were from 0.44 to 1.76 per day. The grazing rates declined in waters from the coastal sea to the continental shelf. Microzooplankton consumed 42.6% - 82.8% of the phytoplankton biomass and 97.3 % ~ 225.1% of the primary production per day. The grazing pressure of microzooplankton on phytoplankton was higher in coastal waters than that of continental shelf. It shows that microzooplankton can effectively control the growth of phytoplankton in coastal waters and it can＇ t in continental shelf waters where phytoplankton growth rate was higher than grazing rates in winter.

关 键 词：海洋生物学:微型浮游动物:摄食压力:浮游植物:南海北部 

分 类 号：Q178.53[生物学—水生生物学]