皮革、毛皮及其制品业卫生防护距离标准的研究  

Study on Health Protection Zone for Leather,Fur and Their Manufacturing Industry

作　　者：徐礼源[1] 曾士典[1] 方黄虹[1] 王黎荔[1] 徐青青[1] 张伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]温州市疾病预防控制中心,浙江温州325001 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所

出　　处：《浙江预防医学》2012年第3期7-9,12,共4页Zhejiang Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的研究皮革、毛皮及其制品业的卫生防护距离标准,为其距离国家标准修订提供参考。方法选择具有代表性的皮革、毛皮及其制品企业进行调查,确定其特征污染物,调查企业周边居民的健康状况,根据调查结果,按照《制定地方大气污染物排放标准的技术方法》(GB/T 13201—91)中推荐的估算方法,对不同规模的皮革、毛皮及其制品企业的卫生防护距离进行估算,提出皮革、毛皮及其制品企业卫生防护距离标准的建议值。结果皮革、毛皮及其制品企业无组织排放的主要特征污染物为硫化氢,生产规模在0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8和1.0亿平方英尺/年时,硫化氢无组织排放量(Qc)分别为0.041、0.082、0.122、0.163和0.204 kg/h;企业周边居民健康调查中发现距离企业500 m范围内人群受到一定的影响,闻到臭味、头晕头痛和恶心、食欲不振的发生率有一定升高;结合现场实测,提出皮革、毛皮及其制品企业卫生防护距离标准建议值为200～600 m。结论通过实地监测、环境流行病学调查综合分析,初步提出了较为合适的卫生防护距离标准。Objective To research a health protection zone for leather, fur and their manufacturing industry so as to provide reference for the revision of national standard for leather, fur, feathers（down） and their manufacturing industry in China. Methods An on -site investigation on representative factory of leather, fur and manufacturing industry was carried out to determine the characteristic pollutant, and 96 randomly selected residents lived around the factory were surveyed at their homes. The health protection zone of leather, fur and their manufacturing industry was calculated according to the recommended estimation in Technical Methods for Making Local Emission Standards of Air Pollutants - GB/T13201 - 91. Result The main pollutant of fugitive discharge from leather, fur and manufacturing industry was hydrogen sulphide and the amount of fugitive discharge were 0. 041, 0. 082, 0. 122, 0. 163, 0. 204 kg,/h for scale of production in 0. 2, 0. 4, 0. 6, 0. 8, 1.0 hundred million square foot per year, respectively. The epidemiological survey showed that the health of residents within the radius of 500 meter was affected by the sulphide, which was evidenced by the increasing incidence of foul smelling, dizziness, headache, and inappetence. According to the data of on - site measuring, the estimated health protection zone for leather, fur and manufacturing industry was 200 to 600 meters. Conclusion The health protection zone for leather, fur and manufacturing industry proposed in our study might have a good effect to protect the health of residents living around the leather, fur and manufacturing industry.

关 键 词：皮革、毛皮及其制品业 无组织排放 硫化氢 卫生防护距离 

分 类 号：R136[医药卫生—劳动卫生]