医院感染横断面调查分析  

SURVEY AND ANALYSIS OF THE CROSS-SECTIONAL CHANGES OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION IN THE BASIC GENERAL HOSPITAL

作　　者：李健平[1] 张伟嫦[1] 陈捷[1] 林彬彬[1] 钱子龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]肇庆市第一人民医院,广东肇庆526021

出　　处：《现代医院》2012年第2期101-103,共3页Modern Hospitals

摘　　要：目的了解某医院医院感染现患率发生情况、抗菌药物使用状况、重要病原体的检出情况的变化趋势和控制效果,分析影响因素,以改进医院感染预防与控制措施。方法分别于2009年和2010年各进行一次医院感染现患率的调查,对两次调查结果进行比较分析。结果应查人数1 650人,实查人数1 630人,实查率为98.79%;感染例次现患率3.68%,医院感染部位前三位为下呼吸道(55.39%)、泌尿道(13.13%)、上呼吸道(11.28),感染率前三位科室,2009年为综合ICU(28.57%)、新生儿科(15.79%)、外科(6.11%),2010年为综合ICU(50.00%)、内科(5.18%)、外科(4.45%),新生儿科感染率由15.79%下降至0;2009、2010年抗菌药物的使用率分别为42.77%和47.54%,一联用药比率分别达到76.5%、70.28%,预防用药比率由34.38%下降至25.58%;鲍曼不动杆菌医院感染由4.55%上升到35.71%。结论该医院医院感染控制工作取得一定成效,抗菌药物的使用基本合理,但需加强不动杆菌医院感染和手术后肺炎、泌尿道、胃肠道感染的监控。Objective To investigate the trends of prevalence rate condition of nosocomial infection,the usage of antibiotics and important pathogens detecting,analyze the influence factors for improving the prevention and control measures of nosocomial infection. Methods The investigation for nosocomial infection prevalence rate was performed in 2009 and 2010;two survey results were compared and analyzed. Results There were 1650 persons to be screened,but in fact,1630 persons were screened,the screening rate was 98.79%;the prevalence rate was 3.68%.The first three infection sites were lower respiratory tract infection（55.39%）,urinary tract infection（13.13%） and upper respiratory tract infection（11.28%）;the first three departments for infection rate were comprehensive ICU（28.57%）,neonatology department（15.97%） and surgical department（6.11%） in 2009,then in 2010 there were comprehensive ICU（50.00%）,internal medicine（5.18%） and surgical department（4.45%）;the infection rate of neonatology department dropped from 15.97% to 0.The use rate of antibiotics in 2009 and 2010 was 65.7% and 46.5% respectively,single drug achieved 76.5% and 70.28% respectively.The preventing medication dropped from 34.38% to 25.58%,the acinetobacter baumannii infection increased from 4.55% to 35.71%. Conclusion The nosocomial infection control has achieved certain results and the usage of antibiotics is basically reasonable;but need to strengthen the monitoring of acinetobacter baumannii infection,postoperative pneumonia,urinary tract infection and gastrointestinal infection.

关 键 词：医院感染 现患率 抗菌药物 不动杆菌 

分 类 号：R181.34[医药卫生—流行病学]