宜兴地区不同利用方式下土壤氮、磷含量分布特性研究  

Research on Distribution of Soil Nitrogen and Phosphorus Content under Different Types of Land Usage in Yixing

作　　者：肖峻[1] 宗良纲[1] 曹丹[1] 张倩[1] 赵妍[1] 李锐 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏南京210095 [2]宜兴市农林局农产品检测中心,江苏宜兴214200

出　　处：《土壤通报》2012年第2期347-352,共6页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金重点项目(BK200671101)资助

摘　　要：采用地理信息系统（GIS）和地统计学方法,研究了太湖流域宜兴地区不同土地利用方式下土壤氮、磷的空间变异特性。结果表明,研究区土壤全氮、速效磷含量均处于I级水平,不同利用方式的土壤全氮变异系数在30%左右,速效磷处于25%~65%间,空间分布不均匀。与1982年监测结果相比,土壤全氮、速效磷含量均得到提高,其中速效磷含量提高226%,增幅十分显著。水稻田的全氮含量、菜园土的速效磷含量均显著高于其他土壤,达到极显著水平。菜园土全氮和速效磷半方差函数模型的块基比分别为44.87%和58.82%,空间相关性最弱,而人工管理措施最少的果园土其空间相关性最强,块基比分别为26.45%和21.88%。宜兴地区土壤氮磷含量分布不均,与种植制度、肥料施用量等农业管理措施有关。土壤全氮、速效磷含量分布特性与其利用方式关系密切,不同利用方式下土壤的空间相关性有明显差异。宜兴境内太湖沿岸区域土壤氮磷含量过高,需要控制肥料的施加量,提高利用率,减少农业面源污染。Geographic information system（GIS） and Geo-statistics were used to study the nitrogen＇s and phosphorus＇ spatial variability under different types of land usage in Yixing City around Taihu Lake Valley.The results showed that the content of total nitrogen and available phosphorus were both at level I,and their coefficients of variation were separately 30% and 25%-65% with uneven spatial distribution.Compared with the data of 1982,both total nitrogen and available phosphorus were increased,in which available phosphorus increased obviously 226%.The content of total nitrogen in paddy soil was significantly higher than the others,the same to the available phosphorus in vegetable garden soil.The ratios of nugget and sill of total nitrogen and available phosphorus in vegetable garden soil were 44.87% and 58.82%,respectively,while those in orchard soil with least artificial management measures were 26.45% and 21.88%,respectively.Uneven distributions of nitrogen and phosphorus in Yixing City were related to agricultural management measures,such as cropping systems and fertilization.The distributions of total nitrogen and phosphorus were closely relevant to soil use type,and the spatial correlations between soils under different types of land usage were significantly different.The contents of soil nitrogen and phosphorus were too high in Longshore area of Yixing,therefore,the measures should be carried out to control fertilizers＇ application rates and improve their utilization efficiency in order to prevent agricultural pollution.

关 键 词：土地利用方式 时空变异 全氮 速效磷 地统计学 

分 类 号：S155.3[农业科学—土壤学]