NAM添加剂对水稻减氮施肥的影响效果研究  

Effect of Additive NAM on Reduction of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application in Rice Field

作　　者：古慧娟[1,2] 王玲莉[1] 谭庆艳 王婷婷[1,2] 石元亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039 [3]二道江乡农科站,吉林通化134003

出　　处：《土壤通报》2012年第2期439-443,共5页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划三江平原白浆土农田土壤改良与水土调控技术集成与示范(2009BADB3B07)资助

摘　　要：通过田间小区试验,研究NAM添加剂在水稻减氮施肥的情况下,对土壤NH4+-N、NO3--N含量、水稻产量以及氮肥利用率的影响,旨在验证利用NAM添加剂减少当地水稻施氮量的可行性。结果表明,施用NAM添加剂,在一定的时间内,使土壤NH4+-N保持较高的水平,延缓土壤NH4+-N向NO3--N的转化,减少氮素损失,从而保证总有效氮能够满足作物后期的生长需要。NAM添加剂能够有效地增加水稻产量,常规施肥不添加NAM处理的产量为9676.93 kg hm-2,与常规施肥添加NAM的处理差异显著,而与减氮20%添加NAM处理差异不显著。与常规施肥氮肥利用率33.94%相比,NAM添加剂能够将氮肥的利用率提高到40.58%,并且氮肥的利用率随着施氮量的减少而增加。研究试验表明,在欲节氮减肥的水稻生产中,NAM不失为一种理想的添加剂。A field experiment was carried out to study the effect of additive NAM on the soil NH4＋-N and NO3——N content,rice yield,and fertilizer-nitrogen use efficiency（FNUE）.The objective of this experiment was to find whether the additive NAM could reduce the fertilizer nitrogen application rates while not the yield at the same time.The results showed that the additive NAM could keep the NH4＋-N at a high level over a period of time and slow down its transformation into NO3——N.It could reduce the loss of nitrogen and make the total available nitrogen to meet the demands of rice growth at the later stage.The additive NAM could increase rice yield greatly.The yield of the treatment of traditional fertilizer without NAM reached 9676.93 kg hm-2,while the yield of the treatment of traditional fertilizer with NAM reached 9977.91 kg hm-2.The treatment of traditional fertilizer without NAM and the treatment with 20% reduction of fertilizer-nitrogen plus NAM reached the same level of rice production.Compared to 33.94% of FNUE in conventional treatment,FNUE in NAM treatments reached 40.58% and increased with the reduction of fertilizer N application.The above results showed that NAM was one of effective additives for the extension of reducing nitrogen fertilizer application in rice production.

关 键 词：NAM添加剂 水稻 NH4+-N NO3--N 产量 氮肥利用率 

分 类 号：S143.16[农业科学—肥料学]