电子垃圾影响区多氯联苯污染农田土壤的生物修复机制与技术发展  

BIOREMEDIATION MECHANISMS AND TECHNOLOGIES OF PCBs-POLLUTED FARMLAND SOILS AROUND E-WASTES DISASSEMBLING SITES

作　　者：涂晨[1,2,3] 滕应[1] 骆永明[1,2,3] 马婷婷 潘澄[1] 李振高[1] 刘五星[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所),南京210008 [2]中国科学院海岸带环境过程重点实验室(烟台海岸带研究所),山东烟台264003 [3]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《土壤学报》2012年第2期373-381,共9页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40921061,40701080);国家高技术研究发展计划“863”项目(2009AA063104);江苏省自然科学基金项目(SBK200910169);中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX2-YW-404)资助

摘　　要：电子垃圾中含有大量多氯联苯等有毒有害物质,对电子垃圾的不当拆解可造成土壤、水体和大气的污染,进而对生态环境和人体健康构成潜在的威胁。生物修复是利用生物对环境污染物的吸收、代谢、降解等功能,加速去除环境中污染物质的过程。根据修复所用的主体,生物修复又可分为植物修复、微生物修复、动物修复及其联合修复等。本文结合笔者的研究工作,综述了我国东南沿海某典型电子垃圾拆解区土壤多氯联苯的污染特征,并介绍了当前国内外对多氯联苯污染土壤的微生物修复、植物修复和植物-微生物联合修复技术及其机理研究的现状,并提出未来研究趋势,旨在为促进污染区土壤环境生物修复的深入研究、保障污染区的农产品质量安全和人体健康提供理论参考。Electric and electronic wastes （e-wastes） contain plenty of toxic and hazardous materials, such as polychlorinated biphenyls （PCBs）. Improper dissembling of these e-wastes can cause pollution to the soil, water and air, thus posing a potential threat to the ecological environment and human health. Bioremediation is an option that may accelerate removal of various environmental contaminants using the functions of biomes absorbing, metabolizing and biodegrading the contaminants. Based on the subject used, bioremediation can be divided into phytoremediation, microbial remediation, animal remediation, and joint remediation. Based on the author＇s research work, this paper summarizes characteristics of PCBs pollution of the soils around an e-wastes dissembling typical zone along the coast of Southeast China, and introduces status quo of the researches on technologies for and mechanisms of microbial remediation, phytoremediation, and phyto- microbial joint remediation of PCB-contaminated soils, and proposes the future research trends, with a view to providing a theoretical reference for in-depth study on bioremediation of the soil environment, and protection of food safety and human health in polluted areas.

关 键 词：电子垃圾 土壤污染 多氯联苯 生物修复 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]