2011年12月大气环流和天气分析  

Analysis of the December 2011 Atmospheric Circulation and Weather

作　　者：樊利强 

机构地区：[1]国家气象中心,北京100081

出　　处：《气象》2012年第3期358-364,共7页Meteorological Monthly

基　　金：国家气象中心青年基金(220099011001002009)资助

摘　　要：2011年12月大气环流主要特征是:北半球极涡呈单极型分布,强度较常年同期偏强,但位置偏向西半球。中高纬环流呈4波型,其中西欧大槽强度较常年同期偏强,东亚大槽强度偏弱,南支槽和副热带高压位置接近常年同期,但南支槽强度偏弱,不利于水汽输送。月内我国出现了2次主要的冷空气过程。12月,全国平均气温-3.8℃,略高于常年同期(-3.9℃)。月内,全国平均降水量为7.5 mm,较常年同期(9.8 mm)偏少23.5%。月降水量与常年同期相比,辽宁、吉林西部、内蒙古东南部、广东大部、青海西部、西藏中部等地偏少8成以上。The following are the main characteristics of the general circulation of atmosphere in December 2011：There is one polar vortex center in the Northern Hemisphere with a slightly stronger strength than normal years.The circulation presents a four-wave pattern in middle-high latitudes.The west European major trough is stronger and the East Asian major trough is weaker than the same period of normal years. The positions of the south branch trough and the northeast subtropical high are approaching to those at the same period of normal years,but the strength is weaker.This kind of situation is not favorable for the transportation of water vapor.There are two cold surge processes affecting China,and the monthly mean temperature is -3.8℃,which is slightly higher than that（-3.9℃） at the same period of normal years. In this month,the mean precipitation（7.5mm） is 23.5%less than normal.The precipitation amounts of Liaoning Province,west of Jilin Province,southeast of Inner Mongolia,Guangdong Province,west of Qinghai Province,and middle of the Tibet Autonomous Region are all 80%less than the same period of normal years.

关 键 词：大气环流 冷空气 降水 大雾 

分 类 号：P434[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]