太湖流域上游河流污染空间分布特征研究  

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF UP-STREAM RIVER POLLUTION IN LAKE TAIHU BASIN

作　　者：王雪[1,2] 余辉[2] 燕姝雯[3,2] 陈雷[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林建筑工程学院,吉林长春130118 [2]中国环境科学研究院湖泊生态环境创新基地,北京100012 [3]复旦大学环境科学与工程系,上海200433

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2012年第3期341-348,共8页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理重大专项(2008ZX07101-001)

摘　　要：为把握太湖流域上游西北部河网区域水体的N、P污染特征及其空间分布,2010年8月在该区域内的武进港-直湖港水系、洮滆水系、丹扁孟河(丹金溧漕运河、扁担河及孟津河)以及宜溧河水系的河网,监测了39个河流断面的水质。研究表明,4水系TN平均浓度分别为3.88、2.83、2.91及1.93 mg/L,DTN占TN比重分别为91.80%、78.43%、70.01%及84.44%,河网氮输出均以DTN为主。在DTN中NO3--N浓度所占比重分别为67.47%、52.75%、77.48%及42.81%,NH4+-N浓度所占比重分别为16.33%、33.16%、11.27%及43.51%。TP平均浓度分别为0.59、0.30、0.26及0.15mg/L,DTP所占比重分别为62.13%、40.19%、46.73%及31.97%,而PO34--P浓度占DTP比重分别为20.73%、54.61%、43.27%及77.72%。武进港-直湖港水系N平均浓度显著(p<0.01)高于宜溧河水系,与其它两水系无显著差异,P平均浓度显著(p<0.05)高于宜溧河水系和丹扁孟河,与洮滆水系无显著差异。影响太湖流域上游西北部区域河流水网水质的主导因素为氮污染,而其中以DTN污染最为严重。太湖西北部是蓝藻水华暴发的重灾区,上游区域DTN的大量输入,将成为引发太湖水体生态系统灾变的潜在风险。In order to investigate spatial distribution characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus in up-stream rivers in Lake Taihu Basin beside the northwest part of the lake,water qualities of 39 rivers were monitored in the water systems of Wujin-Zhihu Port,Taoge,River Danbianmeng（Danjinlicao,Biandan and Mengjin） and Yilihe in August of 2010.Our study showed that the average concentrations of TN in the four water systems were 3.88 mg/L,2.83 mg/L,2.91 mg/L and 1.93 mg/L respectively.The proportions of DTN in TN were 91.80%,78.43%,70.01% and 84.44% respectively,so that DTN was the major nitrogen pollution components in the water systems.The proportions of NO-3-N in DTN were 67.47%,52.75%,77.48% and 42.81% respectively,and the proportions of NH＋4-N in DTN were 16.33%,33.16%,11.27% and 43.51% respectively.The average concentrations of TP were 0.59 mg/L,0.30 mg/L,0.26 mg/L and 0.15 mg/L respectively,and the proportions of DTP in TP were 62.13%,40.19%,46.73% and 31.97% respectively.The proportions of PO3-4-P in DTP were 20.73%,54.61%,43.27% and 77.72% respectively.The N and P pollution in the water system of Wujin-Zhihu Harbor is the most serious in the four water systems.The dominant pollution factor that influences the water quality of up-stream rivers in Lake Taihu Basin beside the northwest part of the lake was nitrogen,in which dissolved DTN was the major component.Since the northwest part of the lake is a disastrous area with heavy cyanobacterial bloom,large amount of DTN input to this part will be a potential risk for the ecosystem in the lake.

关 键 词：太湖流域 河网水体 氮磷营养结构 空间分布 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]