赣江流域浮游植物群落结构与功能类群划分  

CLASSIFICATION OF FUNCTIONAL GROUPS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF PHYTOPLANKTON IN THE GANJIANG RIVER

作　　者：刘足根 张柱[1,2] 张萌 方红亚 弓晓峰[2] 

机构地区：[1]江西省环境保护科学研究院,江西南昌330029 [2]南昌大学环境与化学工程学院,江西南昌330031

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2012年第3期375-384,共10页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：国家"十一五"重大科技专项(2008ZX07526-008)

摘　　要：2009～2010年3次对赣江流域浮游植物群落特征进行淡水生态学调查,鉴定出包括绿藻门、硅藻门、蓝藻门、裸藻门、甲藻门、隐藻门、黄藻门及金藻门在内的浮游植物共8门109属312种(包括变种、变型)。硅藻门和绿藻门无论是在物种数还是在种群密度上均为赣江流域的优势类群。对所鉴定出的种类按功能类群划分,共划分出功能类群32个,以此建立赣江流域浮游植物功能类群特征表(基于生境、耐受性和敏感性)。本研究首次在国内大型河流中开展浮游植物功能类群的划分,划分结果显示赣江流域浮游植物种数和密度占优势的功能类群,多适宜生活在中营养-富营养化水体,这反映出赣江水体环境已经受到了一定程度的人为干扰,水体呈现富营养化趋势。功能类群划分是理解浮游植物群落的重要工具,但是使用该方法必须检查物种的分类是否符合该生物体的个体生态特征。Freshwater ecological investigations on the community structure of phytoplankton in the Ganjiang River Basin were conducted three times during the year of 2009~2010.A total of 312 species（including varietas and modifications） were identified,belonging to 109 genera of 8 phyla,i.e.Chlorophyta,Bacillariophyta,Cyanophyta,Euglenophyta,Dinophyta,Cryptophyta,Xanthophyta and Chrysophyta.Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta were the dominant phyla according to both index of species numbers and population density in the Ganjiang River Basin.All phytoplankton species identified were classified into 32 functional groups in the Ganjiang River Basin and finally a feature table of functional groups was built based on the phytoplankton habitat,tolerances and sensitivities.Groups F（Hormidium sp.）,J（Scenedesmus quadricauda）,LO（Merismopedia tenuissima）,MP（Navicula sp.） S1（Phormidium tenue） dominated the phytoplankton community during high-water period in the Ganjiang River Basin.Groups LO（Merismopedia tenuissima）,S1（Phormidium tenue） X2（Chroomonas caudata） dominated the low-water period.Groups C（Cyclotella meneghiniana）,J（Scenedesmus quadricauda） MP（Navicula simples） dominated the normal-water period.This work is conducted firstly to classify the phytoplankton functional groups in large rivers of China,according to the classification method.Results showed that the functional groups,dominant in species numbers and population density in the Ganjiang River Basin,always live in mesotrophic-eutrophic waterbody,suggesting that the aquatic surroundings of the Ganjiang River has been artificially interrupted at certain degree and the river is on eutrophication.Classification of the functional groups is a useful tool for understanding the phytoplankton community.However,it is necessary to check whether the grouping of species reflected the autoecological features of organisms.

关 键 词：赣江 浮游植物 群落结构 功能类群 

分 类 号：Q145.2[生物学—生态学]