木糖氧化产碱杆菌的临床分布与耐药性研究  

Distribution and drug resistance of clinically isolated Alcaligenes xylosoxidans

作　　者：王斌[1] 朴信爱[1] 蒋捍东[2] 

机构地区：[1]胶南市人民医院呼吸科,山东胶南266400 [2]青岛大学医学院附属医院呼吸科,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2012年第5期1053-1055,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的调查木糖氧化产碱杆菌在临床的分布及耐药性。方法回顾性调查85株木糖氧化产碱杆菌的医院感染分布,采用K-B法分析细菌敏感性。结果木糖氧化产碱杆菌多来自痰标本,占95.29%,少数来自于伤口及角膜炎分泌物标本中,后者均来自免疫力低下患者;感染主要分布于呼吸科和重症监护病房(ICU),分别占43.53%和25.88%,其次是脑外科占10.59%、神经内科占7.06%、内分泌科占5.88%、骨科占3.53%、肿瘤科占2.35%及眼科占1.18%;该菌对氨曲南、氨基糖苷类耐药率为78.82%～87.06%,属严重耐药;对头孢曲松、头孢噻肟、头孢吡肟、哌拉西林、环丙沙星、磺胺甲噁唑/甲氧苄啶耐药率依次为58.82%、63.53%、62.35%、52.94%、63.53%、62.35%;对碳青酶烯类、含酶抑制剂复合制剂、头孢他啶等敏感,耐药率为0～18.82%。结论木糖氧化产碱杆菌感染以呼吸系统为主,应加强医院环境管理,严格消毒管理制度,合理应用抗菌药物,减少医院感染。OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and resistance of clinically isolated Alcaligenes xylosoxidans（Al.xylosoxidans） strains.METHODS The distribution of 85 trains of Al.xylosoxidans causing nosocomial infection was retrospectively analyzed.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby-Bauer method.RESULTS Of the specimens from which Al.xylosoxidans strains were isolated,95.29% were from sputum,the minority were from wounds or keratitis secretions,which was mainly obtained from patients with low immunity.The infections distributed widely in respiratory department and ICU,accounting for 43.53 % and 25.88%,respectively,followed by cerebral surgery department（10.59%）,neurology department（7.06%）,endocrinology department（5.88%）,oncology department（3.53%）,orthopedics department（2.35%） and ophthalmology department（1.18%）.The drug resistance rates of the isolates to aztreonam and aminoglycoside antibiotics varied from 78.82% to 87.06%.The drug resistance rates to ceftriaxone,cefotaxim,cefepime,piperacillin,ciprofloxacin,and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim were 58.82%,63.53%,62.35%,52.94%,63.53%,and 62.35%,respectively.The strains were susceptible to carbapenems,β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations and ceftazidime with the drug resistance varying from 0 to 18.82%.CONCLUSION Al.xylosoxidans infections mainly occurs in respiratory tract.Disinfection of hospital environment with strict sterilization management system shall be strengthened and antibiotics should be used reasonably so as to reduce nosocomial infections.

关 键 词：木糖氧化产碱杆菌 临床分布 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]