宁夏国外小麦种质资源考察、引进和利用  

Foreign Wheat Germplasm Investigation,Introduction and Utilization in Ningxia

作　　者：袁汉民[1] 张富国[1] 陈东升[1] 袁海静[1] 王晓亮[1] 亢玲[1] 张维军[1] 何进尚[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院,银川750002

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2012年第2期308-312,共5页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：宁夏重点科技攻关项目(960317Z001);科技部成果转化项目(2009G30079);农业部"948"项目(2011-Z29);宁夏农业科技工程重大专项(KGZ-16-07-01;KGZ-16-08-03;KGX-05-06-02;KGZ-16-08-02);宁夏自然科学基金项目(03B1010)

摘　　要：国外小麦种质资源引进在宁夏小麦引种中发挥着重要的作用。碧玉麦、阿勃、墨卡(卡杰姆F-71)、WC-20(宁春37)、9186(宁冬6号)等国外小麦品种在宁夏生产上直接利用。宁夏春小麦的品质杂交选育始于1953年,利用国外小麦种质资源先后培育出斗地1号、宁春4号等50余个春麦品种。1990年宁夏国外冬麦种质资源的引进带动了宁夏引黄灌区冬麦北移和耕作改制的研究,也引发了宁夏冬麦品种杂交选育的研究。宁夏引黄灌区冬小麦品种的杂交选育的工作始于1991年,经过15年的努力,杂交选育出第一批冬麦品种宁冬10号、宁冬11号,2010年在冬麦生产上取代了明丰5088,不仅实现了宁夏引黄灌区冬小麦品种第3次更新、实现了小麦品种的5次更新,而且使宁夏小麦生产水平跃上新台阶,有力地促进宁夏引黄灌区耕作制度改善和种植业结构的调整。Foreign wheat germplasm introduction of Ningxia has played an important action in wheat breeding. ＇ Quality＇ , ＇ Abbondanza＇ , ＇ C ajeme F-71 ＇ , ＇ WC-20 （ Ningchun 37 ） ＇ , ＇ 9186 （ Ningdong 6） ＇ and other wheat eultivars, originally from foreign country, have been directly utilized in wheat production in Ningxia, China. Ningxia spring wheat breeding programs has been initiated since 1953. Using foreign spring wheat germplasm, ＇ Doudi 1 ＇ , ＇ Ningchun 4＇ and other 50 more spring wheat cultivars have been bred up and released. In 1990, for- eign winter wheat germplasm introduction has drive study on winter wheat production area northward expending and farming system reforming in Yellow River Ningxia Basin, as well as winter wheat breeding program in Ningxia. Ningxia winter wheat breeding program has been began since 1991. By fifteen years effort, ＇ Ningdong 10＇ , ＇ Ning- dong 11 ＇ , the first group of winter wheat cultivars, have been released. The two new winter wheat cultivars has re- placed ＇ Mingfeng 5088 ＇ , introduced from Heilongjiang province, in winter wheat production since 2010. It not on- ly realized third winter wheat cuhivar renovation, and fifth wheat cultivar renovation in YRNB, but also promoted Ningxia wheat production level to raise a new step, as well as strongly accelerated farming system reforming and planting industry structure adjusting.

关 键 词：国外引种 小麦种质资源 品种杂交选育 冬麦北移 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]