采用本土蔬菜种子替代水堇评价污泥有机肥腐熟度  

Selection of vegetable seeds native in China instead of the cress seed for evaluating the maturity of biosolids

作　　者：刘颂颂[1,2] 许田芬[1] 吴启堂[1] 吕浩荣 林晓燕[1] 李煜[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院,农业部生态农业重点开放实验室,广东省高校土壤环境与废物资源农业利用重点实验室,广州510642 [2]东莞市林业科学研究所,东莞523106

出　　处：《生态学报》2012年第5期1510-1518,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD89B14);国家水专项东江项目第二课题(2009ZX07211-002-5);广东省科技计划项目(2009A020101005);东莞市财政局资助项目(2003-2010)

摘　　要：旨在筛选出对城市污泥毒性物质敏感、与国际通用的水堇种子相似、可用于评价处理后的城市污泥有机肥的植物毒性的本土植物种子。试验采用我国常见的5个科的17种蔬菜种子,检测了不同腐熟度的城市污泥堆肥以及经植物处理的城市污泥产品的种子发芽系数,同时以水堇(Lepidium sativum L.)种子发芽系数为标准作比较分析。结果表明,对于未腐熟的污泥堆肥,油青四九菜心(Brassica parachinensis Bailey)、青江白菜(Brassica campestris Pekinensis)、京丰一号甘蓝(Brassica oleracea L.)等种子对污泥植物毒性较敏感,与水堇种子较相似。对于植物处理后的污泥产品,青江白菜和京丰一号甘蓝与水堇种子又有明显差异,只有油青四九菜心与进口水堇种子对污泥腐熟度的响应未表现出明显差异。而且油青四九菜心种子发芽系数与水堇之间的直线相关系数R2达到0.7465,水堇种子发芽系数0.5时对应于的该菜心种子发芽系数为0.53,因此较适合代替目前广泛用于检测污泥有机肥腐熟度的进口水堇种子。Cress （Lepidium sativum L.） seed germination test is an internationally recognized method for evaluating the maturity of biosolids. However the cress seed is not available in China and needs import from foreign countries. In order to screen out vegetable seeds native in China and sensitive to the phyto-toxicity of treated municipal sewage sludge, 17 species of vegetable seeds from 5 families were used to test the germination index of composted or phyto-treated sewage sludge in comparison with the cress seed. The preliminary tests with non-matured sludge composts, which were co-composted with wood chips for 12, 26 and 40 days, showed that there were significant difference between the seeds of 6 species and the cress seed towards to the sludge composts according to the paired T-test, while the seeds of Brassica parachinensis Bailey （Cultivar： Youqing Sijiu）, Brassica campestris Pekinensis and Brassica oleracea L. （Cultivar： Jingfeng-1） were rather sensitive to the phyto-toxicity, rather similar to the cress seed and classified in a same group according to the cluster analysis of the germination indexes. Further tests with phyto-treated sludges including matured and non-matured samples showed that B. campestris and B. oleracea were significantly different to the cress, only B. parachinensis did not exhibit significant difference to the cress seed. The germination indexes of B. parachinensis were significantly correlated （R2=0.7465） with those of the cress. When the cress seed germination index is 0.50, which signifies fairly matured of the compost sample, the corresponding value of B. parachinensis was 0.53, the two values were rather similar. Therefore, this native vegetable seed can replace the cress seed for evaluating the maturity of the biosolids.

关 键 词：城市污泥 堆肥 腐熟度 种子发芽系数 本土蔬菜种子 

分 类 号：S63[农业科学—蔬菜学]