不同栽培模式下春玉米生育后期冠层生理特性研究  

Study of Canopy Structure and Physiological Characteristics of Spring Maize at Late-growth Stage under Different Cultivation Patterns

作　　者：张玉芹[1] 杨恒山[1] 毕文波[1] 张瑞富[1] 范秀艳[1] 肖丽[1] 高聚林[2] 刘志雄[3] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学农学院,内蒙古通辽028042 [2]内蒙古农业大学农学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [3]内蒙古农牧业科学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《华北农学报》2012年第1期145-150,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划("973"计划)项目(2009CB118601);国家自然科学基金项目(30860134);内蒙古民族大学科研创新团队支持计划项目(NMD1003)

摘　　要：以金山27为供试品种,通过连续2年的田间试验,研究农户(NH)、高产高效(GCGX)、再高产(ZGC)和再高产高效(ZGCGX)4种栽培模式下春玉米冠层生理指标的变化规律,为进一步提高玉米产量提供理论依据。结果表明:不同生育时期和层位春玉米叶片叶绿素含量均为ZGCGX>ZGC>GCGX>NH,棒三叶差异最大。不同叶位叶片叶绿素含量均为吐丝期高于乳熟期。吐丝期和乳熟期春玉米净光合速率均表现为:ZGCGX>NH>GCGX>ZGC。吐丝期各栽培模式间差异不显著;乳熟期ZGCGX模式与NH差异不显著,但均显著高于GCGX、ZGC模式。吐丝期和乳熟期春玉米冠层光合能力表现为:ZGCGX>ZGC>GCGX>NH,ZGCGX模式与GCGX、ZGC和NH模式均达极显著水平。吐丝后40 d内,各层位叶片SOD酶活性均为:ZGCGX>ZGC>GCGX>NH。POD酶活性为ZGCGX栽培模式略高于GCGX栽培,而显著高于ZGC和NH模式,且随叶位降低差异增大。各层位叶片的MDA含量为NH模式最高,ZGCGX模式最低。The Jinshan 27 was higher yield （ZGC） and super-high dexes of canopy structure and phys grown under farmer cultivation （NH） , high yield and high efficiency （GCGX） , yield and high efficiency（ZGCGX）condition in 2009 and 2010,to study the in- iological characteristics of different cultivation patterns. The results showed thatcontent of chlorophyll of leaf was ZGCGX 〉 ZGC 〉 GCGX 〉 NH at different stage and different leaf position, and three-ear leaves was more obvious. Content of chlorophyll of leaf position of four cultivation patterns were silking stage higher than milking stage. In the silking stage and milking stage, the net photosynthetic rate of leaf wasZGCGX 〉 NH 〉 GCGX 〉 ZGC,the difference of four cultivation patterns was not significant in silking stage,the net photosynthetic rate of ZGCGX and NH were significant higher than GCGX and ZGC. Canopy photosynthetic ability of different cultivation patterns was ZGCGX 〉 ZGC 〉 GCGX 〉 NH, and super high yield and high efficiency patternwas significant higher than NH, GCGX and ZGC. From the silking to 40 days after the silking, SOD activity of four cultivation patterns was ZGCGX 〉 ZGC 〉 GCGX 〉 NH,SOD activity of super high yield and high efficiency pattern was slightly higher than GCGX, and significant higher than ZGC and NH, with the leaf position drop, the different offour cultivation patterns increased. MDA content of farmer cultivation was highest, and super high yield and high ef- ficiency was lowest.

关 键 词：栽培模式 春玉米 生育后期 冠层 生理特性 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]