未通过听力初筛新生儿家长知信行状况及相关因素分析  

Analysis of questionnaires and related factors on parents whose babies failed the first newborn hearing screening

作　　者：贾晓[1] 张巍[1] 史蕾[2] 韩优莉[3] 王亚东[3] 孙慧红[1] 龚新红[1] 马丽霞[1] 张淑燕[1] 马莹[2] 卞迁[2] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院新生儿科,100026 [2]北京市海淀区妇幼保健院听力室 [3]首都医科大学卫生管理与教育学院

出　　处：《中国新生儿科杂志》2012年第2期91-94,共4页Chinese Journal of Neonatology

基　　金：首都医学发展科研基金(2009-1049)

摘　　要：目的了解家长对新生儿听力筛查的知晓度、认可度、心理状态以及依从性,进一步分析其影响因素。方法 2010年9月至2011年6月,采用问卷调查的形式,在北京妇产医院(三级医院)及海淀区妇幼保健院(二级医院)对未通过新生儿听力筛查的家长进行相关问卷的调查。结果共发放问卷680份,全部收回。有效问卷653份,有效率(96%)。数据分析显示,384例(58.8%)家长表示在入院宣教时了解到新生儿听力筛查,仅90例(13.7%)家长表示在产前宣教时即了解到。647例(99.1%)家长认为筛查有必要,但仅479例(73.4%)家长认可普筛中使用诱发型耳声发射(OAE)和自动听觉脑干诱发电位(AABR)联合筛查。517例(79.2%)家长对初筛结果未通过表示担心。对于降低假阳性转诊的三阶段筛查模式,464例(71.0%)家长表示愿意接受。经多因素Logistic回归分析显示,母亲学历和分娩医院级别越高者,家长的担心情绪越低(P<0.05);母亲学历高者,更容易接受三阶段筛查模式(P<0.05)。结论大部分家长对新生儿听力筛查持认可态度,但对其认知程度和依从性有待提高。母亲学历及分娩医院级别越高,家长对初筛未通过的担心情绪越低。加强宣教力度才能更好的推进听力筛查工作的进一步发展。Objective To study the awareness,acceptance,psychological status and compliance of parents on newborn hearing screening as to further analyze the related factors.Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted in Beijing Obstetrics Gynecology Hospital and Haidian Maternal Child Health hospital with parents whose babies failed the first newborn hearing screening from September 2010 to June 2011.Results Totally 680 copies of questionnaires were distributed to parents and retrieved with 653 valid copies.Coefficient of recovery and response rate is 100% and 96% respectively.58.5%（348） of parents claim that they learn newborn hearing screening through propaganda and education on admission while only 13.7%（90） of parents learn it through prenatal education.99.1%（647）of parents showed positive attitude to the screening.73.4%（479） parents approve the combination of OAE and AABR in universal newborn hearing screening.Positive screening results may cause psychological stress in 79.2%（517） of parents.For the three-stage screening model which is raised to reduce the false positive referral,71%（464） of parents are willing to accept.The multi-factors Logistic regression suggested that mothers＇ educational history and the level of the hospital where the babies were born may have an influence on the parents＇ anxiety（OR1,P0.05）.Mothers＇ educational history may have an influence on their acceptance（OR1,P0.05）.Conclusions Most of the parents show positive attitude to newborn hearing screening,but their awareness and compliance need to be improved.The higher the mothers＇ educational history and the level of hospital where the babies were born,the lower the parents＇ anxiety will be.Through improving propaganda and education to parents can better promote the further development of the neonatal hearing screening.

关 键 词：听力筛查 问卷 婴儿 新生 

分 类 号：R764[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]