西安某高校甲肝爆发流行前后抗-HAV流行率水平比较  

Seroepidemiological study of viral hepatitis A during outbreak in a college

作　　者：吴玮[1] 苏景宽[1] 徐德忠[1] 刘蓬勃[1] 闫永平[1] 刘瑛[1] 校玉山 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学预防医学系流行病学教研室,陕西西安710033 [2]西北工业大学校医院,陕西西安710068

出　　处：《第四军医大学学报》2000年第1期27-29,共3页Journal of the Fourth Military Medical University

基　　金：全军"九五"指令性课题!( 96L 0 49)

摘　　要：目的　调查大学生人群甲型病毒性肝炎爆发流行前后抗 - HAV抗体水平的变化 ,探讨人群抗 - HAV的水平对甲肝流行的影响 ,为预测甲肝的爆发流行提供基础资料 .方法　对 1 997年西安某高校甲肝爆发流行进行流行病学调查 ,并对甲肝流行前后 2 5岁以下学生的抗 - HAV水平做了检测与分析 .结果　甲肝流行后学生抗 - HAV阳性率由流行时6 0 .5 %提高到 77.3% ,两者比较差异显著 (χ2 =1 1 .40 83,P=0 .0 0 0 7) .陕西学生的易感率为 2 0 .5 % ,非常明显低于外省(χ2 =7.436 3,P=0 .0 0 5 7) .农村学生的易感率明显低于城市学生 (χ2 =9.0 85 0 ,P=0 .0 0 2 5 ) .结论　结果提示 ,易感人群的增加可能是造成甲肝爆发流行的因素 ,而当人群抗体水平达到 80 % ,流行有可能被终止 .为了预防甲肝在高校中的流行 ,大学生中应进行甲肝计划免疫 .AIM To survey the change of anti HAV after an outbreak of hepatitis A and the effect of anti HAV on an epidemic of hepatitis A. METHODS Anti HAV of college students, younger than 25 years old, was detected and analyzed in terms of grade, sex, and hometown. RESULTS After the outbreak of hepatitis A in 1997, positive rate of anti HAV increased from 60.5% to 77.3% ( χ 2=11.4083, P = 0.0007 ). Susceptible rate of college students who came from Shaanxi province was 20.5%, which was lower than students from other provinces ( χ 2=7.4363, P =0.0057). Susceptible rate of college students who came from cities was higher than students from rural areas( χ 2=9.0850, P = 0.0025 ). CONCLUSION One of the main reasons of hepatitis A outbreak is the increase of susceptible group. Outbreak of hepatitis A will be stopped when the prevalence rate of anti HAV reaches 80%. Immunization of hepatitis A vaccine in college students can prevent an outbreak of hepatitis A.

关 键 词：甲型肝炎 抗-HAV 暴发流行 

分 类 号：R512.610.1[医药卫生—内科学]