发展职业体育:完善举国体制战略的抉择  

Developing Professional Sports——the Choice of Completing the Top-down National Sports System

作　　者：宋继新[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林体育学院,吉林长春130022

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2012年第2期1-4,共4页Journal of Beijing Sport University

摘　　要：举国体制是集中国家有限资源,快速发展竞技体育的一种良性的体育发展方式。但是,伴随多种经济成分并存的社会主义市场经济体制的建立,国家体育也同步转向"官本民辅"的多元的"过渡体制"。在此背景下,提出发展职业体育,为完善举国体制提供了坚实的思想基础。职业体育是体育市场中的最重要、最活跃的元素是完整的举国体制的一部分,是对举国体制的补充和完善。发展职业体育,首先,要创立发展职业体育的新思想;第二,创造发展职业体育的人文环境;第三,要选择好发展职业体育的路径。建议:在国家竞技体育三元治理的初期,应以政府办专业队为主体,社会和市场办队为辅;中期,国家、社团、市场三者办队比例趋向均衡;后期,则以社会与市场办队为主,以政府办队为辅,最终实现"小政府大社会"的新格局。The top-down national sports system is to concentrate the limited resources of the country to rapidly develop the sustainable competitive sports system.However,with the establishment of the socialist market economy with different market participants,the national sports system has been transformed to a transitional system led by the government and supplemented by the society.Under this background,the paper proposes to develop professional sports so as to provide ideology basis for completing the national sports system.Professional sports is one of the most important and dynamic factors in the complete top-down national sports system.It is a supplement and improvement to the national sports system.To develop professional sports,we should firstly adopt the new concept of developing profession sports;secondly,create a favorable humanitarian and cultural environment;and thirdly,select a rational path for its development.It proposes that,in the preliminary period of the national competitive sports which are invested by three parties,the government shall be the dominant party of the professional teams,and the society and market as its supplement.In the middle stage,the share government,societies and market shall be balanced.And in the late period,the society and market shall be the major investor of the professional team and the government＇s investment shall be the supplement so as to ultimately achieve the new pattern of ＂small government and big society＂.

关 键 词：职业体育 举国体制 人文环境 

分 类 号：G812.3[文化科学—体育学]