商业银行的公共性理论——兼论商业银行收费法律问题  

On the Publicness of Commercial Banks:Based on Banks' Charges and Relevant Legal Issues

作　　者：邢会强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学法学院,北京100081

出　　处：《现代法学》2012年第1期96-102,共7页Modern Law Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目"金融消费者纠纷的多元化解决机制研究"(09YJC820125);中央财经大学"211工程"三期资助

摘　　要：长期以来,人们大多只看到了商业银行的商业性,其公共性往往被忽略。其实,商业银行也具有一定的公共性。这来源于商业银行的特殊性,商业银行是一个受到特殊保护的行业,商业银行具有特许权价值,这是一种法律特权。由于我国商业银行受到的保护比较多,商业银行准入比较困难,其特许权价值较大,再加之我国的金融发展水平不高,银行管理水平和能力不高,弱势群体数量庞大,承受能力有限,因此,我国商业银行提供的免费服务应该多些,而不能完全照搬发达国家和地区商业银行的定价机制。商业银行完全定价权的获得则取决于其市场准入的开放程度和特许权价值的大小。In a long run,people only recognize the commerciality of commercial banks whereas neglect their publicness.Commercial banks are indeed of certain publicness that stems from the fact that commercial banks are a specially protected industry and of chartered value,a legal privilege.Given the fact that in China many protections are granted to commercial banks and access to commercial bank industry is rather difficult,the chartered value of commercial banks is higher here than elsewhere.Further,underdevelopment of the financial industry,lower administrative capability of commercial banks and the large number of the disadvantaged all call for more free services rendered by the commercial banks.Thus,it is by no means advisable to blindly copy the pricing mechanism of foreign commercial banks.Rather,the legitimacy of pricing depends on market accessibility and chartered value of commercial banks.

关 键 词：银行服务收费 公共性 特许权 金融消费者 

分 类 号：D923.6[政治法律—民商法学]