垂穗披碱草居群穗部形态多样性研究  

Ear Morphological Diversity of Native Populations of Elymus nutans

作　　者：德英[1,2] 赵来喜[1,2] 刘新亮[1,3] 穆怀彬[1,2] 王照兰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所,呼和浩特010010 [2]农业部草原资源与生态重点开放实验室,呼和浩特010010 [3]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2012年第4期791-796,共6页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(中国农业科学院草原研究所)资助项目(2008-Z-1);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD17B01)

摘　　要：对采集自四川、西藏、甘肃、新疆、青海和内蒙古6个省(区)的29份垂穗披碱草的14项穗部性状进行多样性研究。结果表明,14项穗部形态性状的平均变异系数为27.34%,显示垂穗披碱草具有丰富的表型变异。居群总多样性指数H′为1.947,居群平均H′为1.424,则居群间H′为0.523。可见垂穗披碱草居群的遗传多样性主要集中在居群内部(73.14%),居群间的遗传变异较小(26.86%)。聚类分析,可分为种子大、较大、较小、小4种类型,较大居多。经主成分分析,其分布能解释总变异的86.63%,其中外稃长、第一颖芒长、穗宽、内稃长、小穗数、穗长等性状是影响较大的因素,这6个性状指标具有较高的特征向量值,基本可以揭示垂穗披碱草形态总体变异的趋势。垂穗披碱草多样性指数与海拔高度呈极显著正相关关系。14 ear morphological traits were adopled to study morphological diversity of 29 native populations of Elymus nutans collected from Sichuan, Tibet, Gansu, Xinjiang, Qinghai and Inner Mongolia. The results showed that the average variation confficient of 14 ear traits was 27.34%, indicating rich phenotypic differentiation. There was abundant genetic diversity （H＇= 1.947） among these populations in ear traits, their average H＇ was 1.424 within populations, 0.523 among the populations. The genetic variation within populations （73.14） was greater than that among populations （26.86%）. Ear traits could be divid- ed into four types, which was large, relatively large, small, small through cluster analysis, and large seeds were domain. Principal component analysis indicated that 6 of the ear traits measured （lemma length, awn length of glume, ear width, palea length, spikelet per rachis, ear length） were the main sources of ear variation of the 29 E. nutans. Results of the correlation analysis showed that altitude and diversity index were positive correlated and significant at the 0.01 level.

关 键 词：垂穗披碱草 穗部形态学性状 多样性 

分 类 号：S543.9[农业科学—作物学]