佛山市南海区免疫规划儿童免疫水平的监测与分析  

Surveillance and analysis on immune levels of children as target population of immunization program in Nanhai District,Foshan City,China

作　　者：曾鸿[1] 黄志雄[1] 张桂玲[1] 陈妙芬[1] 吕海韵[1] 梁洁雅[1] 

机构地区：[1]佛山市南海区疾病预防控制中心,广东佛山528200

出　　处：《中国生物制品学杂志》2012年第3期349-352,共4页Chinese Journal of Biologicals

摘　　要：目的了解佛山市南海区免疫规划儿童的免疫水平,评价疫苗免疫效果,为进一步做好免疫规划工作提供科学依据。方法于2009～2011年,采用分层随机抽样调查法对佛山市南海区1～7岁年龄组共420名儿童进行乙型肝炎、脊髓灰质炎、白喉、破伤风、百日咳、麻疹等免疫规划相关疾病的抗体水平检测,并进行统计学分析。结果 420名儿童中,乙肝表面抗体阳性率为73.33%,脊髓灰质炎Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型抗体的阳性率分别为96.43%、95.95%和97.38%,百日咳抗体阳性率为60.71%,白喉抗体阳性率为78.57%,破伤风抗体阳性率为85.48%,麻疹抗体阳性率为98.33%。结论本次检测人群中,脊髓灰质炎抗体和麻疹抗体维持在较高水平,已形成稳固有效的免疫屏障;白喉、破伤风抗体水平基本达到可控制疫情流行的标准;乙肝(抗-HBs)、百日咳抗体阳性率偏低,显示其免疫屏障不牢固,存在疾病流行的潜在风险。Objective To survey and immune levels of children as target population of immunization program in Nanhai District,Foshan City,China,evaluate the immune effect of vaccine and provide a scientific basis for strengthening of immunization program.Methods During 2009 ～ 2011,a total of 420 children aged 1 ～ 7 years in Nanhai District were selected by stratified random sampling method,and determined for the antibody levels against various diseases included in immunization program,such as hepatitis B（HB）,poliomyelitis,diphtheria,tetanus,pertussis and measles,and the results were analyzed statistically.Results The positive rates of antibodies against HBsAg,poliomyelitis of typesⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,pertussis,diphtheria,tetanus and measles of the children were 73.33%,96.43%,95.95%,97.38%,60.71%,78.57%,85.48% and 98.33%,respectively.Conclusion The poliomyelitis and measles antibodies of the children were maintained at high levels,indicating that stable and effective immune barriers were established.The diphtheria and tetanus antibody levels reached the standards for control of epidemic.However,the antibody positive rates against HB（anti-HBs） and pertussis were relatively low,indicating unstable immune barriers and potential risks of epidemics.

关 键 词：免疫规划 免疫水平 监测 

分 类 号：R392.33[医药卫生—免疫学] R311[医药卫生—基础医学]