中国特大城市的多中心空间战略--以上海市为例  

Polycentric Spatial Strategy of Mega-cities in China:The Case of Shanghai

作　　者：王颖 孙斌栋[2,3] 乔森[4,5] 周洪涛 

机构地区：[1]上海同济城市规划设计研究院 [2]教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地-华东师范大学中国现代城市研究中心 [3]华东师范大学城市与区域经济系 [4]四川省成都七中 [5]华东师范大学中国现代城市研究中心 [6]上海市虹桥商务区管委会规划处

出　　处：《城市规划学刊》2012年第2期17-23,共7页Urban Planning Forum

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“多中心城市空间结构与特大城市的交通疏解”(批准号:40971103);教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“中国特大城市区域的多中心空间组织与发展战略”(批准号:11JJDZH004),教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“预防和治理‘城市病'研究”(批准号:11JZD028)

摘　　要：上海城市空间存在单中心蔓延的突出特征,是造成交通拥堵、生态恶化、房价上升、经济效率下降等大城市病的重要根源。未来战略走向应该是在区域范围内构筑多中心的空间体系,其关键是次中心城市的形成。上海目前新城缺乏吸引力,难以发展成为次中心城市,其原因在于新城功能定位偏低、就业吸纳能力不强、与中心城之间缺乏便捷交通联系、公共服务能级不高、社会认知度低以及与中心城住宅发展缺乏协同性,其深层次原因则在于开发管理体制分散和缺乏立法保障。未来上海的空间体系建设,应尊重个人行为动机和重视体制创新,把多中心体系形成和次中心城市发展列为当前政策的重中之重,优先发展联系中心城区和次中心城市的大站距快速轨道交通,次中心城市要实现就业、居住以及生活的功能均衡,合理调控中心城人口规模。With population constantly flowing in,relieving the pressure of the inner city is becoming much more pressing for many mega-cities in China.The major cause contributing to the urban problems of Shanghai is the city's mono-centric urban form.The solution is to build a multi-centric and integrated metropolitan region.Currently,new towns in Shanghai are perplexed with the following problems:lack of attractiveness,insufficient employment opportunities,deficiency in rapid rail transit services,poor public services,low social acceptance,rapid housing expansion in the inner city,lack of supportive legislation and policies, and inadequacy of the management system.Based on international experience,it is now a window opportunity for Shanghai to develop new towns into urban sub-centers as the city's annual per capita gross national product is jumping from 10000 to 20000 US dollars.The paper proposes the following steps and measures: giving multi-centric development policies higher priority,enhance the autonomy and managerial power of sub-centers town,developing more rapid rail transit lines between new towns and the inner city,balancing jobs and residence spatially and functionally in sub-centers cities,controlling the population scale in the inner city and increase the public exposure of new towns.

关 键 词：多中心 次中心城市 特大城 市 新城 

分 类 号：TU984.113[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]