Development of a digital zenith telescope for advanced astrometry  

作　　者：HANADA Hideo ARAKI Hiroshi TAZAWA Seiichi TSURUTA Seiitsu NODA Hirotomo ASARI Kazuyoshi SASAKI Sho FUNAZAKI Ken'ichi SATOH Atsushi TANIGUCHI Hideo KIKUCHI Mamoru TAKAHASHI Tomoe YAMAZAKI Atsumu PING JinSong KAWANO Nobuyuki PETROVA Natalia GOUDA Naoteru YANO Taihei YAMADA Yoshiyuki NIWA Yoshito KONO Yusuke IWATA Takahiro 

机构地区：[1]National Astronomical Observatory of Japan,Iwate-ken 0230861,Japan [2]Department of Engineering Department,Iwate University,Iwate 0208550,Japan [3]National Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100012,China [4]Oshu Space&Astronomy Museum,Iwate-ken 0230861,Japan [5]Department of Astronomy,Kazan State University,Kazan 420008,Russia [6]Section of Graduate School of Science,Division of Physics and Astronomy Kyoto University,Kyoto 6068501,Japan [7]Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency,Kanagawa 2525210,Japan

出　　处：《Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)》2012年第4期723-732,共10页中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the Advanced Technology Center (Grant No. 2009-101);supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10973031);Chinese National High-Tech Project (Grant No. 2009AA122206);the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) (Grant No. 22340128)

摘　　要：Like other optical astrometric techniques,the Photographic Zenith Tube(PZT) has played a key role in the past observations of the Earth rotation,and it also has a potential to be applied to several other observations by taking advantage of automatic observations with self compensation of tilt of the tube.We here propose In-situ Lunar Orientation Measurement(ILOM) to study lunar rotational dynamics by direct observations of the lunar rotation from the lunar surface by using a small telescope like PZT with an accuracy of 1 milli-seconds of arc(1 mas) in the post-SELENE mission.Our second application is to obtain local gravity field on the Earth by combining deflection of the vertical measured by PZT and the position measured by Global Positioning System(GPS) or Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS).The accuracy required for this purpose is not as strict as ILOM.We have already developed a Bread Board Model(BBM) of the telescope for ILOM and made some experiments in order to know the performance of the driving mechanism under a similar condition to the lunar environment showing high vacuum,large temperature change and dusty condition.We have also shown that it is possible to correct the effects of uniform temperature change upon the optical system by using a simple model with an accuracy of better than 1 mas.This model has the potential to attain the accuracy of 1 mas,based on the results of the experiments and the simulations.Like other optical astrometric techniques, the Photographic Zenith Tube （PZT） has played a key role in the past observations of the Earth rotation, and it also has a potential to be applied to several other observations by taking advantage of automatic observations with self compensation of tilt of the tube. We here propose In-situ Lunar Orientation Measurement （ILOM） to study lunar rotational dynamics by direct observations of the lunar rotation from the lunar surface by using a small telescope like PZT with an accuracy of 1 milli-seconds of arc （1 mas） in the post-SELENE mission. Our second application is to obtain local gravity field on the Earth by combining deflection of the vertical measured by PZT and the position measured by Global Posi- tioning System （GPS） or Global Navigation Satellite System （GNSS）. The accuracy required for this purpose is not as strict as ILOM. We have already developed a Bread Board Model （BBM） of the telescope for ILOM and made some experiments in order to know the performance of the driving mechanism under a similar condition to the lunar environment showing high vacuum, large temperature change and dusty condition. We have also shown that it is possible to correct the effects of uniform temperature change upon the optical system by using a simple model with an accuracy of better than 1 mas. This model has the potential to attain the accuracy of 1 mas, based on the results of the experiments and the simulations.

关 键 词：high accuracy orbit determination SAR LRS SELENE 

分 类 号：P111[天文地球—天文学]