超声波条件下煤中不同赋存形态小分子的溶出规律  

Solubilization rules of small molecules with different states under ultrasonic extraction

作　　者：华宗琪[1] 秦志宏[1] 刘鹏[1] 邓兵[1] 李保民[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学化工学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《中国矿业大学学报》2012年第1期91-94,共4页Journal of China University of Mining & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50874108);国家自然科学基金委员会创新研究群体科学基金项目(50921002);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2010LKHX01);煤炭加工与高效洁净利用教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(CPEUKF08-06)

摘　　要：采用CS2溶剂对童亭亮煤进行索氏萃取和超声萃取,用气相色谱/质谱联用仪(GC/MS)对相关萃取物进行分析.结果表明,超声场的介入明显地缩短了萃取时间,提高了萃取率;长链烯烃是网络态小分子溶出的重要标志;芳烃和含芳环类组分与煤微孔结构亲和性较强,而各类杂原子化合物、环烷烃和异构烷烃更容易以网络嵌入态存在;超声波的振动作用能有效地解开分子间的缠绕及交联,而超声波的空化作用加速了溶剂的传质速率,两者共同将网络嵌入态小分子的溶出时间提前了约600h.Tongting coal was extracted with isometric carbon disulfide solvent by ultrasonic and soxhlet methods. The extracts were analyzed using a GC/MS. The results show that the existence of ultrasonic field shortened the extraction time and increased the yield obviously. The long-chain alkene is a significant dissolution evidence of small molecules trapped in the coal-ma- trix network. The aromatic and aromatic ring containing components have an affinity with micropore, while the heteroatomic compounds, cycloalkanes and isoalkanes prefer to exist in coal- matrix network. The entanglements and crosslinkages between the molecules were easily disengaged by ultrasonic vibration. The ultrasonic cavitation accelerated the mass transfer rate of solvent, and as a result of both effects, network of small molecules was released earlier about 600 h.

关 键 词：煤 CS2 索氏萃取 超声萃取 GC/MS 萃取机理 

分 类 号：TQ536[化学工程—煤化学工程]