血液透析患者低血压发生时间与季节分布特征及护理  

Analysis of occurrence time and seasonal distribution of the hemodialysis hypotension and nursing countermeasures

作　　者：吴丽英[1] 徐海山[1] 李雪琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]莆田学院附属医院肾内科,福建莆田351100

出　　处：《国际移植与血液净化杂志》2012年第2期35-38,共4页International Journal of Transplantation and Hemopurification

摘　　要：目的分析尿毒症患者血液透析中出现低血压的时间和季节分布特征，旨在提出相应的护理对策，以减少低血压的发生。方法对2010年1月至2010年12月在本院进行血液透析的147例（1642例次）尿毒症患者进行回顾性分析，探讨在血液透析过程中发生低血压的时间与季节分布情况。结果血液透析时第1个小时为低血压发生的第1个高峰期，血液透析最后1个小时为低血压发生的第2个高峰期，冬、春季低血压发生率明显高于夏、秋季，且冬季最高，春秋季其次，夏季最低，各季节比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论血液透析中低血压的发生时间和季节分布呈现规律性变化，应采取相应的护理措施，减少低血压的发生，提高血液透析患者的治疗效果。Objective To analyzing the hypotension occurrence time and seasonable distribution features of the uremic patients who after bemodialysis, and presents corresponding and appropriate nursing countermeasures to prevent hypotension during bemodialysis. Methods reviewed and analysised 147 cases of Uremic Patients in a hospital from january 2010 to december 2010, these data were clarified and gathered that include hypotension occurrence time and seasonable detail distribution situation. Results There were 2 peaks of hypotension, the first peak of hypotension occurs during the first hour when commencing hemodialysis, and a second peak occured during the last hour of commencing hemodialysis. The incidence of hy- potension in winter and spring was significantly higher than in summer and autumn. The highest in winter, spring and autunm followed, the lowest in summer, which was signiticantdifference （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion According to the occurrence time and seasonal distribution, hemodialysis hypotension presents regular change, corresponding nursing measures should betaken to reduce the occurrence of hypo-tension, and improve blood dialysis effect.

关 键 词：血液透析 低血压 时间 季节 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]