新疆西天山积雪稳定期不同下垫面雪物理特性对比  

Contrastive analysis of snow characteristics of heterogeneous surface in the stable periods in the west Tienshan,Xinjiang

作　　者：高培[1] 魏文寿[2] 刘明哲[3] 

机构地区：[1]新疆信息工程学校,乌鲁木齐830013 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区气象局,乌鲁木齐830002 [3]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第1期15-19,共5页Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：中国科学院"西部之光"项目(RCPY200902);科技部公益行业科研专项基金项目(GYHY200806011);国家自然科学基金面上项目(41171066);国家自然科学基金项目(41071072)

摘　　要：利用上海精创单双通道温湿度记录仪、Snow Fork雪特性分析仪和雪筛等仪器采集的积雪物理特性数据,对比了天山积雪雪崩站积雪稳定期不同下垫面条件下的积雪物理特性.结果表明:实验区内雪层平均温度林地最高,水泥路面最低;雪层剖面最底层的日平均温度草地最高,水泥路面最低;水泥路面温度梯度最大,林地的雪层温度梯度最小,且林地积雪剖面上层的暖中心出现时间滞后于草地和水泥路面1 h;水泥路面、草地、林地的平均含水率依次递增,分别为0.18%,0.19%,0.20%;雪层日平均相对湿度变化与雪层温度和含水率变化大致相同;草地、水泥路面、森林的上覆积雪的平均密度依次递减,分别为0.15,0.14,0.13g/m^3.林地雪层剖面上部的雪密度最小,但中部和底部的都高于草地和水泥路面的;林地的新雪质量分数最小,粗颗粒雪所占比例最大;而草地底部的深霜发育优于水泥路面和林地.The snow characteristics of heterogeneous surface in the stable periods were discussed in this paper based on the data collected at the Tienshan station with temperature apparatus and snow forks. The results showed that the maximum average daily temperature of snow was in the forest and the minimum was in the cement; however, the temperature gradient was in opposition to the average daily temperature. The occurrence of the warm center in the woodland was later than in grass and cement. The liquid water content of snow in cement, grass and woodland were increasing by 0.18%, 0.19%, 0.20%, respectively. The average daily relativehumidity of snow underwent almost the same changes as those in temperature and in the liquid water conent of snow. The density of the snow on grass, cement and froeset were decreasing by 0.15, 0.14, 0.13 g/cm^3, respectively. In the forest, the snow density was the smallest at the top of the snow profile, but the density in the middle part and at the bottom were bigger than that on grass and cement. In the forest, the amount of the coarse firm snow was the frost at bottom was more largest and and that of new snow was in the opposite. However, the growth of deep that on cement and in the forest.

关 键 词：雪层温度 积雪密度 积雪含水率 雪层湿度 积雪质量分数 西天山 新疆 

分 类 号：P426.63[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]