山西省文水县饮水型地方性砷中毒调查报告  

Investigation on epidemiology of drinking-water endemic arsenism in Wenshui County of Shanxi Province

作　　者：荆玉兰[1] 王正辉[1] 吴赵明[1] 李军[1] 李鹏飞[1] 武敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省地方病防治研究所,山西临汾041000

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2012年第1期17-19,共3页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

摘　　要：目的摸清山西省文水县高砷水源和砷中毒病情的分布及危害程度,为防治工作提供科学依据。方法按照《2009年度中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金山西省饮水型地方性砷中毒病情调查项目技术方案》的要求,结合既往调查资料,对文水县5个乡镇15个村居民的饮水砷含量和暴露人群发病情况进行了拉网式调查。结果测定井水水样42份,均为大口井,水砷超标率30.95%(13/42);砷中毒检出率1.568%(521/33 228),且随年龄增大而增加,男女患病性别差异明显(χ2=56.11,P<0.01),女性高于男性,病人临床表现主要以掌跖角化为主,部分伴有色素脱失或色素沉着。结论山西省文水县的砷中毒病情较轻,属于轻病区,但高砷区分布范围广,潜在危害大,应尽快采取必要的防治措施,积极寻找低砷水源进行防砷改水。Objective To learn distribution and hazard level of high arsenic content in water and endemic situation of arsenism in Wenshui County of Shanxi Province,to provide scientific basis for control.Methods According to ＂Technical Schedule of Investigation Project of Drinking-water endemic arsenism in Wenshui County of Shanxi Province by Resource from Central Government in 2009＂,epidemiological investigation on the arsenic content in water and people exposed to arsenic was carried out with screening methods at 15 village of 5 towns in Wenshui County.Results Forty-two samples of well water were determined with over standard rate of arsenic in water of 30.95%（13/42）and detection rate of arsenic poisoning of 1.568%（521/33 228）.The rate increased along with the patients＇ ages.There was obvious difference in prevalence between the male and female（χ2=56.11,P0.01）,and it was higher in the female than in the male.The clinic manifestations mainly displayed keratosis,and some accompanied with skin depigmentation and pigmentation.Conclusions The pathogenetic condition of arsenism is slight,but the areas with high arsenic level are wide with great potential hazard.Necessary measures of prevention should be taken as promptly as possible by actively looking for low arsenic water source or undertaking prevention from arsenic poisoning by water improvement.

关 键 词：砷 砷中毒 分布 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学] R181.81[医药卫生—临床医学]