2010年湖北省随州市地方性氟中毒病区改水降氟工程及水氟水平调查结果分析  

Investigation of water defluoridation projects and the concentration of water fluoride

作　　者：王浩[1] 沈春安[1] 冷福娟[1] 张志保[2] 段光顺[1] 曹慧婕[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省随州市疾病预防控制中心职业病防治所,441300 [2]湖北省随州市疾病预防控制中心地方病防治所,441300

出　　处：《中国地方病学杂志》2012年第2期202-204,共3页Chinese Jouranl of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的了解随州市高氟病区改水降氟工程使用和水氟状况，为科学改水和防治地方病提供依据。方法采取横断面调查方式，对随州市辖区内，在1986-2009年修建的全部改水降氟工程，进行全面调查；对正常使用的工程处，分别采集水源水和末梢水各3份；对停用和报废的工程处，选择3处饮用水供应量较大的地方，分别采集水样1份。检测全部水样氟化物、氯化物、总硬度、重金属等指标。结果共调查改水工程21处，其中正常使用的14处（占66．7％），停用和报废工程7处（占33-3％）。在正常使用的14处工程处，末梢水中氟化物平均含量≤1．0mg／L的合格工程13处（占92．9％），氟化物含量〉1．0mg／L的不合格工程1处（占7．1％）。在停用和报废的7处工程处，氟化物平均含量全都〉1．0mg／L（占100％）。所有水样中的水砷、铅都在正常范围。在正常使用的14处工程中，末梢水中有2处水样含铁量超标，有1处水样的总硬度超标；报废停用的7处工程中，氯化物超标1处，锰超标1处，铁超标2处，总硬度超标3处。结论随州市改水降氟工程存在停用和报废情况；工程停用和报废的地方，存在水氟超标状况。Objective To investigate the concentration of water fluoride and the application of water defluoridation projects in Suizhou, and to provide a basis for water improvement and prevention of the disease. Methods Cross-sectional study was carried out to investigate completely the water defluoridation projects built between 1986 and 2009 in the area under Suizhou＇s jurisdiction; 3 source water and terminal water samples of the projects in use were collected, respectively; 1 water sample was collected, respectively in the 3 projects with out-of- commission or discarded water sources that used to be major water supply, for detection of fluoride, chloride, total hardness, heavy metals and other indicators. Results A total of 21 projects were investigated, 14 projects were in normal use （66.7%）, 7 projects were out of order and abandoned （33.3%）. Of the 14 projects normally used, 13 projects with water fluoride concentration ≤ 1.0 mg/L（92.9%）and 1 project with water fluoride concentration higher than 1.0 mg/L（7.1%）, the concentration of water fluoride in the 7 abandoned projects was higher than 1.0 mg/L （100%）. Arsenic and lead levels of all the water samples were normal. There were two water samples with iron content exceeded the standard, and one total hardness of water samples exceeded the standard in the normally used 14 peripheral water sources. One chloride content exceeded the standard, one manganese content exceeded the standard, two iron content exceeded the standard and three total hardness exceeded the standard in the seven abandoned projects. Conclusions Some defluoridation projects are stopped using and abandoned in Suizhou,and the water fluoride exceeds the standard.

关 键 词：水 氟化物中毒 数据收集 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]