东北典型薄层黑土区土壤可蚀性模型适用性分析  

Adaptability analysis on soil erodibility models in typical thin layer black soil area of Northeast China

作　　者：王彬[1,2] 郑粉莉[1,2] 王玉玺 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,杨凌712100 [3]黑龙江水土保持科学研究院,哈尔滨150400

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2012年第6期126-131,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(40871137);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2007CB407201);中法合作项目(PFCC2009-20919ZC)

摘　　要：土壤可蚀性是土壤侵蚀预报和环境效应评价模型的重要参数。该文选取东北典型薄层黑土区宾州河流域为研究区,通过校验极细砂粒含量转换式,分析侵蚀—生产力影响模型(erosion productivity impact calculator,EPIC)、通用土壤流失方程(universal soil loss equation,USLE)和修正土壤流失方程(revised universal soil loss equation,RUSLE2)3种模型K值估算方法间的差异,以探讨各估算方法在东北典型薄层黑土区的适用性。结果表明:与实测值相比,RUSLE2模型整体"低估"极细砂粒含量,平均低估22.5%;建立的薄层黑土区极细砂粒含量转换方程可使估算精度提高95%以上。RUSLE2模型K值估算方法适用于薄层黑土区。EPIC与USLE模型K值估算方法均"高估"薄层黑土区的土壤可蚀性,但通过建立的修正方程进行校正,仍可用于中国东北薄层黑土区K值估算。该研究可为薄层黑土区及相似地区的土壤侵蚀定量评价和土壤质量危险性评价提供必要的科学依据。Soil erodibility is a crucial parameter in soil erosion prediction and evaluation on environmental effects. The typical eroded black soil area of Northeast China, the Binzhou River Basin, was taken as the research area. In order to evaluate the applicability of each K value calculating method in the typical eroded black soil area, the very fine sand content transform model （VFS model） in RUSLE2 （revised universal soil loss equation） was calibrated, and differences among K value calculating methods of EPIC （erosion productivity impact calculator）, USLE （universal soil loss equation） and RUSLE2 were discussed respectively. Results showed that the VFS model in RUSLE2 underestimated 22.5% of the very fine sand content, compared to the observed value. Therefore, a revised VFS model was built based on the measured data, and the accuracy of very fine sand content which was calculated by the model improved by 95%. Furthermore, RULSE2 was the most appropriate method for K value calculation, in the typical eroded black soil area. EPIC and USLE models overestimated the K value, but they can still be applied in the typical thin layer black soil region when they were calibrated by the revised K value estimators. The results provides scientific basis to support soil erosion quantification and soil quality risk assessment in the typical thin layer black soil region and similar areas.

关 键 词：土壤 砂 模型 可蚀性 极细砂粒 含量 K值估算 东北黑土区 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]