不同类型玉米品种分蘖发生过程中内源激素的作用  

Effects of Endogenous Hormones on Tiller Development Process of Different Maize Varieties

作　　者：王如芳[1] 张吉旺[1] 吕鹏[1] 董树亭[1] 刘鹏[1] 赵斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学农学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2012年第5期840-847,共8页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2009CB118602);山东省现代农业产业技术体系项目;山东省玉米良种工程项目(鲁农良种2010-6);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903003)

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同类型玉米品种分蘖发生与衰亡过程中内源激素的变化,探讨内源激素对玉米分蘖的调控作用。【方法】选用不同分蘖能力的玉米品种为试验材料,在调查研究分蘖发生规律的基础上,于分蘖高发期与消亡期测定基部茎节和功能叶中内源激素的含量。【结果】不同类型玉米品种的分蘖能力受基部茎节中激素含量及其之间比值的控制,分蘖高发阶段,基部茎节和功能叶中玉米素核苷(ZR)值较高或呈升高趋势,生长素(IAA)、脱落酸(ABA)、赤霉素(GA)值较低或呈降低趋势;激素之间平衡状态对分蘖的影响表现为,在分蘖高发阶段,IAA/ZR、ABA/ZR值较低,分蘖停止发生时其值较高。不同玉米类型之间,分蘖高发阶段,分蘖能力最强的墨西哥玉米(MXG)的ZR值较高,IAA、ABA、GA值较低,IAA/ZR、ABA/ZR较低。【结论】ZR促进分蘖发生,IAA、ABA和GA抑制分蘖发生,促进分蘖衰亡。分蘖的发生,还由激素间的平衡状态决定,更重要的是以互作的方式影响分蘖发生,即低IAA/ZR、ABA/ZR值促进分蘖发生;高IAA/ZR、高ABA/ZR值则抑制分蘖的发生,促进分蘖的衰亡。【Objective】 This experiment was done to study the changes of endogenous hormones during tillers growth and death of different maize varieties,and to investigate the regulation of endogenous hormones in maize tillering.【Method】Maize varieties with different tillering capacities were used as experimental materials.On the basis of tillers development regularity investigated,the endogenous hormones in basal stem and functional leaves were measured during the tillers' emergency and death.【Result】The tillering capacity of different maize varieties was controlled by both the content and the ratio of endogenous hormones in basal stem and functional leaves.During the tillering stage,the ZR(zeatin riboside) content was higher and appeared an increasing trend,however,the IAA(indole-3-acetic acid),ABA(abscisic acid) and GA(gibberellin acid) contents were lower and appeared a decreasing trend in basal stem and functional leaves.The ratios of IAA/ZR and ABA/ZR were lower while tillering and higher at the end of tillering stage.The ZR content of MXG with the strongest tillering ability was high and IAA,ABA,GA,IAA/ZR,ABA/ZR were low respectively.【Conclusion】Higher ZR content was benefit to the tillering of maize.Higher content of IAA,ABA and GA suppressed tillering and accelerated the death of tillers.Tillers development was also determined by the balance among endogenous hormones which took effects in an interaction way.The lower ratios of IAA/ZR and ABA/ZR improved tillering,and the higher ones suppressed tillering and promoted tillers'death.

关 键 词：玉米 分蘖发生 内源激素 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]