低氧训练对大鼠心、肝、肾、海马组织细胞凋亡的影响及其机制研究  

Effect and Mechanism of Hypoxic Training on the Apoptosis of Heart,Liver,Kidney and Hippocampus in Rat

作　　者：林喜秀[1,2] 瞿树林[1] 周桔[1] 张沙骆[1] 刘文锋[1] 刘铭[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学医学院生理教研室,长沙410013 [2]中南大学基础医学院

出　　处：《中国运动医学杂志》2012年第2期146-156,共11页Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine

基　　金：长沙市科技局计划项目(K0803144-31);湖南省科技厅计划项目(2007FG3089);湖南省自然科学基金(05JJ30066);2009年湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX2009B105)

摘　　要：目的:观察低氧训练对大鼠心、肝、肾、海马组织细胞凋亡及HIF-1α、Bax、Bcl-2表达的影响,探讨低氧训练的适应机理。方法:70只SD大鼠按体重随机分为7组,每组10只,即正常对照组(A)、高住8 h组(B)、高住12 h组(C)、常氧运动组(D)、8 h高住低练组(E)、12 h高住低练组(F)和一次力竭运动组(G)。D、E、F组大鼠每天在坡度为0的动物跑台上,以25 m/min的速度训练1 h。训练后,分别将B、E组和C、F组依次放入氧浓度为12.5%(相当于海拔4000 m)的低氧舱内8 h和12h。5 d/周,实验期4周。最后一次训练,B、C、D、E、F、G组以25 m/min的速度训练至力竭,24 h后大鼠均实施速眠新II腹腔麻醉后心脏取血致死,取材。采用HE染色、原位末端脱氧核糖核苷酸转移酶介导的dUTP缺口末端标记法(TUNEL)及蛋白免疫组织化学法检测大鼠心、肝、肾、海马组织细胞凋亡和HIF-1α、Bcl-2、Bax表达。结果:(1)随时间延长,高住组大鼠心、肝、肾、海马组织出现棕褐色凋亡细胞;12 h高住低练组大鼠心、肝、肾组织可见细胞肿胀、间隙明显增大,凋亡细胞核随时间延长明显增多,而海马组织凋亡细胞核明显减少;常氧运动组可见较多凋亡细胞核,一次力竭运动组可见大量凋亡细胞核。(2)高住组、常氧运动组、高住低练组、一次力竭运动组心、肝、肾细胞凋亡指数、Bax、HIF-1α表达显著高于正常对照组(P<0.05),而高住12 h组、常氧运动组、一次力竭运动组海马区细胞凋亡指数、Bax、HIF-1α显著高于正常对照组(P<0.05)。12 h高住低练组心、肝、肾凋亡指数、Bax及HIF-1α表达显著高于常氧运动组(P<0.05),而高住低练组海马区细胞凋亡指数、Bax及HIF-1α表达显著低于常氧运动组(P<0.05)。高住组、常氧运动组、8 h高住低练组心、肝、肾、海马细胞凋亡指数、凋亡发生率及Bax、HIF-1α表达显著低于一次力竭运动组(P<0.05);12 h高住低练组心、肝、Objective To observe the hypoxic training on the apoptosis of heart,liver,kidney and hippocampus,and on the expressions of HIF-1α,Bax and Bcl-2.Methods Seventy SD rats were randomly and equally divided into following 7 groups：normal control group（A）,high-living 8-hour group（B）,high-living 12-hour group（C）,regular aerobic exercise group（D）,8-hour HiLo training group（E）,12-hour HiLo training group（F） and an exhaustive exercise group（G）.Rats in groups D,E and F underwent treadmill training with the speed of 25m/min for 1 hour per day,5 days per week.After that,rats in groups B,E,C and F were transferred to the chamber with oxygen concentration of 12.5%（simulated 4000m altitude） for 8 hours or 12 hours,respectively.The experiment lasted for 4 weeks.24 hours after the last training at the speed of 25 m/min to exhaustion,rats in groups B,C,D,E,F,and G were decapitated under anesthesia and their blood was collected.The apoptosis in cells of heart,liver,kidney and hippocampus,and the expressions of HIF-1α,Bax and Bcl-2 were detected by HE staining,TUNEL（terminal deoxynucleotydyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling）,and immunohistochemistry.Results（1）Brown apoptotic cells of heart,liver,kidney and hippocampus appeared with the prolonging of staying duration in all high-living groups;Swelling and clearance of cells in heart,liver and kidney appeared,and the number of apoptotic nuclei increased with prolonging of staying duration in group F,while nuclear apoptosis in hippocampus reduced significantly;Numerous apoptotic nuclei in groups D and G were observed.（2）Cell apoptosis index,and expressions of Bax and HIF-1α of heart,liver,kidney increased significantly in groups B,C,D,E,F and G,as compared with that in group A（P〈0.05）,especially those of hippocampus in group C,D and G.Cell apoptosis index,and expressions of Bax and HIF-1α of heart,liver,kidney in group F were significantly higher than in group D（P〈0.05）,while those of hippocampus in groups E and F

关 键 词：细胞凋亡 低氧 低氧运动 HIF-1Α Bcl-2 BAX 

分 类 号：R87[医药卫生—运动医学]