基于着生藻类的太子河流域水生态系统健康评价  

Using periphyton assemblages to assess stream conditions of Taizi River Basin,China

作　　者：殷旭旺[1] 渠晓东[2] 李庆南[1] 刘颖[1] 张远[2] 孟伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学,水产与生命学院,辽宁省水生生物学重点实验室,大连116023 [2]中国环境科学研究院,流域水生态保护技术研究室,北京100012

出　　处：《生态学报》2012年第6期1677-1691,共15页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重大科技专项(水体污染控制与治理);流域水生态功能评价与分区技术课题(2008ZX07526-001)

摘　　要：以辽宁省太子河流域为研究范例,调查了全流域范围内69个样点的着生藻类群落和水环境理化特征,并在此基础上应用硅藻生物评价指数(DBI)和生物完整性评价指数(P-IBI),同时结合栖息地环境质量评价指数(QHEI),对太子河流域水生态系统进行健康评价。结果表明,太子河流域着生藻类群落结构具有明显的空间异质性,CCA结果显示驱动着生藻类群落结构形成的水环境因子为电导率、总溶解固体和总氮。虽然DBI、P-IBI和QHEI在太子河流域某些河段上的评价结果有较大出入,但从全流域尺度上看,DBI、P-IBI和QHEI的评价结果基本一致,表现为太子河上游健康状况较好,中游健康状况一般,而下游健康状况较差。讨论了水环境理化因子与着生藻类群落结构的相互关系,并对比分析了DBI、P-IBI和QHEI这3种河流健康评价方法。Biological community structures have long been used to assess the impact of human activity on running waters. Compared to macroinvertebrates and fish community, periphyton community was infrequently used as indicator of stream conditions because of the large number of species and the need for taxonomic expertise. However, periphyton is valuable indicator of stream health because they are relative simple to collect and response rapidly and predictably to changes in stream chemistry and habitat quality. In the present work, we investigated the community structure of periphyton and characteristics of environmental factors among 69 sample sites in Taizi River Basin of Liaoning Province, Northeast China. Using the periphyton assemblages, we assessed stream conditions of Taizi River Basin based on Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index （ QHEI）, Diatom Bioassessment Index （DBI） and Periphyton Index of Biological Integrity （PIBI）. The results indicated that the dominant species of periphyton in Taizi River Basin were Melosira varians, Diatoma vulgare , Cymbella tumida , C. hustedtii , Navicula cryptocephala , Gomphonema olivaceum , Achnanthes minutissima , Synedra acus , S. ulna, S. ulna oxyrhynchus , Nitzschia palea , Cocconeis placentula , Scenedesmus quadricauda , Oscillatoria tenuis and Phormidium tenus. There was great difference in the periphyton community structure in Taizi River Basin. Based on principal component analysis, conductivity, suspended solid, velocity, total dissolved solid, hardness, alkalinity, ammonia nitrogen, nitric acid nitrogen and total nitrogen were the main environmental factors in Taizi River Basin.Canonical correspondence analysis showed that conductivity, total dissolved solids and total nitrogen significantly influenced the community structure of periphyton in Taizi River Basin. The metrics of DBI were species richness, diversity index, tolerance index, sensitive species and similarity of community, and the metrics of QHEI were epifaunal substrate, embeddedness, velocity, s

关 键 词：生物完整性 硅藻生物评价指数 栖息地环境质量评价 典范对应分析 主成分分析 群落结构 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]