青岛沿岸水体原生生物群落与水质状况的关系  

The relationship between protistan community and water quality along the coast of Qingdao

作　　者：杨金鹏[1,2] 姜勇[1] 胡晓钟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生物多样性与进化研究所原生动物学研究室,青岛266003 [2]阿尔弗雷德瓦格纳极地和海洋研究所,黑尔戈兰岛D-27498

出　　处：《生态学报》2012年第6期1703-1712,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40976075)

摘　　要：于2007年9—10月间利用改良的PFU(polyurethane foam unit)法——BPFU(bottled PFU)法对青岛沿岸水体中原生生物群落的结构和功能参数进行了快速观测,进而分析了原生生物群落与水质状况间的相互关系,并结合理化指标对水体的水质状况进行了评价。期间共观测到原生生物263种:其中硅藻83种,鞭毛虫59种,肉足虫31种,纤毛虫90种。结果表明:用BPFU法测定和计算的原生生物群落的结构参数(种类数、丰度、多样性指数)和功能参数(Seq、G、T90%)所反映的水质状况和理化指标所反映的基本一致,证明BPFU法适用于海洋近岸水体的快速监测。同时将通过原生生物群落所得的结构参数和功能参数与通过原生动物群落所得的进行了比较,发现由原生生物群落计算的结构参数和功能参数能更有效、更准确地反映水质的状况。Protistan communities are characterized by high ecological and species diversity due to their short life cycles and by a quick response to environmental changes. Many species respond rapidly to pollutants and often inhabit environments that are unfavorable to most of metazoans and some can even tolerate extremes of environmental conditions to macrofauna. As predominant components of protistan communities, ciliates and flagellates may react more quickly to environmental changes than any other eukaryotic organisms because of their rapid growth and delicate external membranes and can thus serve as bioindicators of water pollution. Polyurethane foam unit （PFU） is an artificial substrate able to host planktonic, periphytic and benthic protistan assemblages. The PFU method has been widely and successfully employed to evaluate freshwater quality all over the world. However, as far as we know, this method has not been used in marine habitats as effective as in freshwater biotopes because of the influence of tidal current and circulation in nearshore area. In order to evaluate the feasibility of using the PFU method to assess coastal water quality, Xu et al. modified the conventional PFU method and presented a bottled PFU （BPFU） system and successfully used to evaluate the water quality in Korean coastal waters. Our study is the first to use the BPFU method for bioassessment in Chinese offshore areas. Three stations in the coastal waters off Qingdao, China were selected as study area from September to October in 2007. Margalef diversity index was calculated by d = （ S- 1 ） inN. The relationship between the protistan community parameters and marine water qualitywas analyzed. MacArthur and Wilson equilibrium model： St =Seq（1-e-z） was applied to assess the colonizing process of protistan communities. A total of 263 species of protists were identified during the survey. Among these were 83 diatoms, 59 flagellates, 31 sarcodines, and 90 ciliates. In terms of species composition, site 1 was dominated mainly by

关 键 词：BPFU法 原生生物群落 结构参数 功能参数 水质监测 

分 类 号：Q178[生物学—水生生物学]