论英语同源宾语的句法地位与允准  

On the syntactic status and licensing of English cognate objects

作　　者：刘爱英[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省长沙市中南大学外国语学院,湖南410083

出　　处：《外语教学与研究》2012年第2期173-184,318,共12页Foreign Language Teaching and Research

基　　金：湖南省社科基金项目“英语空功能语类研究”(11YBA326)的部分成果

摘　　要：本文探讨英语同源宾语的句法地位及其在句中的允准方式。英语同源宾语在句法结构上分为两类:(一)附加语同源宾语,句法表现上类似状语,位居附加语的结构位置;(二)论元同源宾语,具有直接宾语的典型特征,位于动词论元位置充当动词中心语的补足语。原则上,非作格动词可以带两类同源宾语,而非宾格动词只能带附加语同源宾语。将同源宾语区分为两种结构类型有助于合理解释它们的句法表现,尤其是能有效说明为何同一个动词的同源宾语可有不同的句法表现。由于格鉴别式与论旨准则仅适用于论元名词组,附加语同源宾语在句中没有接受结构格和论旨角色的要求,而具有论元句法地位和直接宾语语法功能的论元同源宾语则与其他直接宾语一样须接受动词的论旨标记和格特征核查。The present paper examines the syntactic status of English cognate objects(COs) and discusses how they are formally licensed.Syntactically,English has two distinct types of COs:(i) adjunct COs,which pattern syntactically with adverbials and occupying adjunct positions;(ii) argument COs,which show typical properties of a direct object and occupying an argument position as complement of V.While unergative verbs can,in principle,take both types of COs,unaccusative verbs can only take adjunct COs.The assumption that COs are divided into two independent constructions can provide a principled account for the reason why there are various syntactic behaviors of COs and,in particular,why the COs of the same verb show different syntactic behaviors.On the assumption that the Case Filter and the θ-Criterion only apply to NPs that are arguments,adjunct COs need not be assigned structural case or θ-role.On the other hand,argument COs,with argument status and grammatically functioning as direct objects,are actually θ-marked by the verb,and will check case just like other direct objects do.

关 键 词：英语同源宾语 附加语 论元 格 论旨角色 

分 类 号：H314.3[语言文字—英语]