沉积物中可溶有机质氯仿抽提低毒性替代试剂的研究  

The Low Toxic Substitute Reagent for Chloroform in the Extracted Soluble Organic Matter of Sediments

作　　者：朱雷[1,2] 朱丹[1,2] 马军[2] 裴琴琴[2] 陈伟梁[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室 [2]中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院,北京102249

出　　处：《石油天然气学报》2012年第3期55-59,70,共6页Journal of Oil and Gas Technology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2006CB202303)

摘　　要：三氯甲烷自身具有较大的毒性。根据常规岩心抽提分析使用的氯仿试剂(有毒)探讨不同极性溶剂抽提取代氯仿的可能性,进而改进抽提方案。以单一溶剂:三氯甲烷、二氯甲烷、石油醚(30～60℃)及混合试剂:二氯甲烷∶丙酮(1∶1)、二氯甲烷∶甲醇(7∶1)、二氯甲烷∶甲醇(98∶2)分别为抽提溶剂,对抽提物进行了分离,并分析了饱和烃、芳烃、非烃、沥青质的相对含量,对比了不同试剂的抽提效果。综合分析认为,二氯甲烷∶甲醇(98∶2)为三氯甲烷的最佳替代品。Because chloroform had severe toxicity,other reagents for substituting them were discussed in order to improve the extraction scheme based on conventional extraction analysis.Three single reagents and three mixed reagents were chosen,including chloroform,dichloromethane,petroleum ether,dichloromethane∶acetone(1∶1),dichloromethane∶methanol(7∶1),dichloromethane∶methanol(98∶2) in this experiment.In terms of above mentioned methods,the extracts were separated and the relative contents of saturated hydrocarbon,aromatic hydrocarbon,non-hydrocarbon and asphaltene were analyzed,the results of these methods were compared.Through the analysis,the results indicate that chloroform∶methanol(98∶2) is the best substitute.

关 键 词：氯仿替代试剂 低毒性 抽提分离 可溶有机质 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]