人造板用反应型硅酸钠胶黏剂制备与性能研究  

Study on preparation and properties of reactive sodium silicate adhesive used for wood-based panel

作　　者：张新荔[1] 吴义强[1,2] 胡云楚[1] 翟岩岩[1] 刘晓梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学材料科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]竹业湖南省工程研究中心,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2012年第1期83-87,共5页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技计划课题(2012BAD24B03);国家林业公益性行业科研重大专项(201204704);湖南省科技重大专项(2011FJ1006);中南林业科技大学木材科学与技术国家重点学科资助项目

摘　　要：为彻底解决人造板用醛类有机胶黏剂游离甲醛释放这一难题,探讨了一种可用于人造板工业的反应型硅酸钠无机胶黏剂的制备技术,以期替代醛类有机胶黏剂的使用。利用单因素试验法和正交试验法优选出了反应型硅酸钠木材胶黏剂的最佳配方(质量分数):钠水玻璃73.4%、二氧化硅13.3%、氧化镁7.8%、氧化铝3.0%、氧化锌2.4%。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、热重分析仪和扫描电镜等测试方法对无机胶黏剂的化学结构、热性能、表面形貌进行了分析,并对胶黏剂的粘接强度和耐水性能进行了测试。结果表明:以氧化物为硬化剂的水玻璃胶具有比较均匀的固化形貌,在所研究的温度范围(30～800℃)内,胶黏剂的热稳定性良好。该无机胶黏剂对杨木胶合板的胶合强度达到0.7 MPa,24 h吸水率为31.0%。In order to thoroughly solve the problem of free formaldehyde emission caused by organic adhesive, a kind of reactive sodium silicate inorganic adhesive used for wood-based panel was investigated with alternative organic adhesive purpose. The optimal formulation （as mass fraction） was obtained as follows through single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment： sodium silicate 73.4%, silicon dioxide 13.3%, magnesium oxide 7.8%, alumina 3.0%, and zinc oxide 2.4%. The chemical structure, thermal properties,and surface morphology were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, thermo-gravimetric analyzer and scanning electron microscope. The bonding strength and water resistance were also measured. The results showed that the solidified sodium silicate adhesive had homogenous morphology and good thermal stability in the temperature range of 30 - 800 ℃. The bonding strength and24 h water absorption rate of poplar plywood glued by the inorganic adhesive was 0.7 MPa and 31.0%, respectively.

关 键 词：反应型无机胶黏剂 硅酸钠 人造板 结构表征 性能分析 

分 类 号：S784[农业科学—林学] TQ433.52[化学工程]