南方马尾松人工林植被群落演替特征  

Community Succession Characteristics of Pinus massoninana Plantation in Hengshan

作　　者：杨枝林[1] 刘君昂[1] 周国英[1] 吴毅[1] 邓小军[1] 闫法领[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学林业生物技术湖南重点实验室,长沙410004

出　　处：《林业资源管理》2012年第1期42-47,共6页Forest Resources Management

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项项目(200904006)

摘　　要：马尾松人工林是我国南方主要的单一树种人工林之一。采用以空间代替时间方法,阐明该单一造林树种人工林林下群落结构在发育过程中的变化规律,为该人工林群落的植被生态改良提供依据和参考。湖南省衡山县紫巾山国有林场内不同林龄阶段马尾松人工林群落内调查有植物108种,隶属56科91属。檵木(Loropetalumchinensis)、白栎(Quercus fabri)、赤楠(Radix Syzygii)、栀子(Gardenia jasminoides)以及茅草(Imperata cylin-drica)、芒(Schizachyrium scoparium)、淡竹叶(Lophatherum gracile)和狗脊蕨(Woodwardia japonica)等在整个群落中有较大优势。整个群落及其各垂直层次的各多样性指数值在中熟林(15a)以下表现有很大波动性,中熟林(15a)之后群落开始出现新的野生乔木物种,同时整个群落及各垂直群落层次的丰富度指数,Simpson多样性指数,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数的变化均开始趋向于稳定。在整个林下群落的演变过程中老熟林(25a)和中幼林(5a)群落间物种相似性最低(Sm为0.158),β多样性最大,体现出中幼林(5a)的群落结构最不稳定。Pinus massoninana secondary plantation is one of the major single species forest plantations in southern China.Our objective is to expound the variation of the understory community structure in the development process of the major single species forest plantations,to provide a basis and reference for the vegetation ecological improvement of the plantations.We adopted the method of space substitute time,sited a standard plot in the plantations of each age stages to study the species diversity in the communities.Investigation was conducted for different stages of Pinus massoninana plantations,which showed that there were 108 kinds of plants species,56 families under 91 genera in Zijin Mountain National Forest,Hengshan County,Hunan Province.Loropetalum chinensis,Quercus fabri,Radix Syzygii,Gardenia jasminoides and Imperata cylindrica,Schizachyrium scoparium,Lophatherum gracilie and Woodwardia japonica have a greater advantage in the whole community.Before the mature forest（15 years）,the index value of the entire community and its diversity is very volatile.New species of wild trees appeared after the mature forest（15 years）,while the index value of the whole community tends to bestable.Throughout the evolution of the communities,the species similarity is lowest（Sm of 0.158） between communities of old growth forest（25 years） and young forest（5 years）,β diversity the most,reflecting the young forest（5 years） is the most unstable community.

关 键 词：马尾松 人工林 群落 多样性 演替特征 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]