上海市浦东新区中老年社区居民糖尿病相关知识的认知情况及生活现状  

A survey of diabetes-related knowledge level and life style among elderly residents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai

作　　者：倪亚芳[1] 冯波[1] 李栩[1] 钱巧慧[1] 黄熙涯 孟仲莹 富明 陈明慧 

机构地区：[1]同济大学附属东方医院内分泌科 [2]上海市陆家嘴社区服务中心 [3]上海市潍坊社区服务中心 [4]上海市金杨社区服务中心 [5]上海市上钢社区服务中心

出　　处：《上海医学》2012年第1期11-14,共4页Shanghai Medical Journal

基　　金：上海市浦东新区社会发展局卫生科技发展专项基金资助项目(PW99-14;PW2005D-2)

摘　　要：目的了解上海市浦东新区社区居民对糖尿病相关知识的知晓度,并结合其生活现状进行分析,为有效开展社区糖尿病防治工作提供依据。方法对上海市浦东新区的中老年社区居民进行随机整群抽样问卷调查,采用描述性分析、相关性分析、t检验及χ2检验等,对糖尿病相关知识的知晓率、生活方式及血糖情况进行分析。结果被调查居民对糖尿病相关知识的总体知晓率为50.2%(2505/4986),知晓率与受教育程度呈正相关(r=0.354,P<0.001),与年龄呈负相关(r=-0.18,P<0.001),与性别(r=0.019,P=0.634)、糖尿病病史(r=0.035,P=0.391)、空腹血糖(r=0.01,P=0.8)及口服75g葡萄糖后2h血糖(2h血糖,r=0.057,P=0.173)不相关。吸烟率及饮酒率分别为12.9%(79/612)和15.2%(93/612),休闲时进行轻度体力活动者占59.8%(366/612),中度体力活动者占22.4%(137/612),重度体力活动者占0.3%(2/612)。有糖尿病病史的居民中能坚持饮食控制者占60.7%(68/112),能坚持定期运动锻炼者占45.5%(51/112);坚持饮食控制组及运动锻炼组的2h血糖均显著低于未坚持组(P=0.039、0.001)。结论浦东新区中老年居民对糖尿病并发症等的危害认识不足,因此防治行为不积极。社区防治工作应加大糖尿病危害性方面的宣传,从指导居民掌握良好的生活方式着手,提高糖尿病患者饮食控制及运动锻炼的依从性,从而真正达到社区"防"与"治"相结合的目的 。Objective To evaluate the residents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai in order mellitus in community. Methods A questionnaire Pudong New Area of Shanghai. Descriptive analysis, analyze diabetes-related knowledge level, life style levels of diabetes-related knowledge and life style among to provide evidence for prevention and treatment of diabetes survey was conducted randomly in 612 elderly residents in correlation analysis, T-test and Chi-square test were used to and serum glucose. Results We found that 50.2% （2 505/4 986） residents knew the diabetic knowledge. The level of diabetes-related knowledge was related to education level （r =0.354,P〈0. 001） and age （r =- 0. 18, P〈0. 001）, but not related with gender （r = 0. 019, P =0.634）, diabetes history （r = 0. 035, P = 0. 391）, fasting serum glucose （r = 0. 01, P = 0. 8） or 2-hour postprandial serum glucose （r=0. 057, P=0. 173）. Residents with smoking and drinking accounted for 12.9% （79/612） and 15.2% （93/612）. Residents with mild, moderate and severe physical activity at leisure accountedfor 59.8 % （366/612）, 22.4 % （ 137/612） and 0.3 % （2/612）, respectively. Among the residents with diabetes, 60.7% （68/112） adhered to diet control and 45.5% （51/112） took exercise regularly. The 2-hour postprandial serum glucose was significantly decreased in the patient with continuous diet control and exercise （ P = 0. 039 and0.001）. Conclusion It is very important to intensify diabetic health education, guide for good life style andimprove the compliance of diet control and physical exercise for the prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus in community. （Shanghai Med J, 2012, 35： 11-14）

关 键 词：糖尿病 防治 健康教育 生活方式 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]