黄河三角洲湿地水域底栖动物群落结构及其时空差异  

Community characteristcs and space-time variances of the water area macrozoobenthos in the Huanghe River Delta

作　　者：董贯仓[1] 李秀启[1] 高云芳[1] 刘峰[1] 秦玉广[1] 王亚楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省淡水水产研究所,山东济南250013

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2012年第2期229-232,共4页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：国家海洋公益行业科研专项(200805070)

摘　　要：2009年5月、8月和11月调查了黄河三角洲河流、水库、养殖池塘等水域14个采样点的大型底栖动物群落多样性及其时空差异,并用Shannon-Wiener多样性指数对环境进行了评价。共采集底栖动物35种,隶属4门8纲25科31属,其中环节动物11种、软体动物7种、节肢动物16种和脊索动物1种;物种数均较少,3/4次少于3种,且近1/3次未采集到底栖动物,优势种及物种数均随季节波动而变化;栖息密度为0～22 000个/m2,平均为1 111个/m2;生物量为0～146 g/m2,平均为12.30 g/m2。结果表明,Shannon-Wiener指数均较低,仅9号站在8月>3(3.15),2/42次为2～3、8/42次为1～2、14/42次为0～1、5/42为0,且12/42次未采集到底栖动物,表明黄河三角洲湿地水域底栖动物群落比较脆弱,水质均受到不同程度的污染影响。Abstract ：Macrozoobenthic community characteristics and their space-time variances of different kinds of water areas （VIZ. river, res- ervoir and aquaculture ponds） were recorded in the Huanghe River Delta in May, August and November of 2009, respectively. The water quality was also estimated by the Shannon-Wiener index. There were 35 species, belonging to 4 phyla, 8 classes, 25 families and 31 genera of macrozoobenthos, which included 11 species of Annelida, 7 species of Mollusca, 16 species of Arthropoda and 1 species of Chordata. The number of macrobenthos was small as there being less than 3 species in 3/4 sampling sites. Both of the dom- inant species and the number of the species changed with the fluctuations of season. The inhabit density was between 0 and 22 000 ind/m2 with the mean value of 1 111 ind/m2 and the biomass density was between 0 and 146 g/m2 with the mean value of 12.30 g/ m2. Most of the Shannon-Wiener index was small except 9# in August （ 3.15 ）. 2/42 of them was between 2 and 3 with 8/42 between 1 and 2, 14/42 between 0 and 1,5/42 being 0 and being no macrobenthos at 12/42 of the samples. It indicated that most of the dif- ferent water areas were polluted to varying degrees in the Huanghe River Delta.

关 键 词：黄河三角洲 水域 底栖动物 群落结构 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]