含沉水植物河道水流流速特性研究  

Research on current velocity characteristics of rivers with submerged vegetations

作　　者：丁瑞[1] 洪大林[1] 姬昌辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京水利科学研究院,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《吉林水利》2012年第3期5-9,共5页Jilin Water Resources

基　　金：水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室基本科研业务费重点项目"水生植物的水动力学效应及护坡关键技术研究"(项目编号:Y20809)

摘　　要：在梯形平底水槽中,用塑料草模拟了沉水植物对水流的影响。结果表明:(1)流速不同、相对植物高度不同的情况下,植物对流速的影响是不同的;(2)含沉水植物的水流垂向流速分布曲线存在一条流速分界线,在其上部流速变大,下部流速变小,流速分界线在植物冠层以上,在相对水深h/H=0.3附近;(3)两株植物叶片之间是否有交叉重叠对水流的阻碍作用是有区别的;有交叉重叠时会额外增加水流阻力;在流速分界线以下,叶片有交叉重叠时流速减小幅度较大。In the trapezoidal flat flume, plastic grass was used to current, There are several results as follows. （1） When velocity simulate the effect of submerged plants on the or relative height of the plants is different, the impact of plants on the current is different. （2）When submerged plants are panted in the tank, there exists a velocity dividing line in the vertical velocity distribution curve. The velocity will decrease when below the di- viding line, while the velocity will increase when above the dividing line. The velocity dividing line is above the plants canopy, and is on the position where the relative depth 0a/I-I） is about 0.3. （3）Whether leaves overlap between two plants or not is different on the resistance to water-flow. Overlapping leaves will increase the re- sistance to water-flow additionally. Below the dividing line, velocity reduction rate is much bigger when leaves overlan.

关 键 词：沉水植物 垂向流速分布 植物叶片交叉 流速分界线 

分 类 号：TV131[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]