3～6岁儿童家长的儿童忽视相关知识、态度、行为现况调查  

Related Knowledge,Attitude and Practice on Child Neglect of 3～6 Aged Children's Parents

作　　者：王宏[1] 静进[2] 符勤怀[1] 侯丹红[1] 冼少龙[1] 曾玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州医学院从化学院,广东省广州市从化市510925 [2]中山大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2012年第7期798-801,共4页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：广州市教育科学"十一五"规划重点课题(08A014)

摘　　要：目的了解3～6岁儿童家长的儿童忽视相关知识、态度、行为现况,为进行防治儿童忽视干预提供科学依据。方法采用自行设计的调查问卷,对广东省东莞、惠州、中山、佛山四市3～6岁的儿童家长621人进行儿童忽视相关知识、态度、行为现况调查。结果仅5.4%听说过儿童忽视也知道内容;55.9%以前从来没有获得过防治"儿童忽视"的知识;90.7%～97.4%的家长愿意接受、需要和认为应该进行防治儿童忽视知识的教育和宣传;91.0%愿意为防治儿童忽视做力所能及的事情;家长对孩子经常有的行为依次是:温情、理解(72.4%)、严厉(48.6%)、责骂(43.3%)、过度保护(19.6%)、拒绝(18.2%);对孩子从来没有的行为依次是:恐吓(65.2%)、过分干涉(50.5%)、惩罚(38.7%)、过度保护(37.4%)、否认(29.7%)。他们认为儿童忽视主要发生在以下地方:家庭(78.3%)、幼儿园(61.0%)、公共场合(40.3%);认为保护3～6岁儿童的责任应在于家长(95.3%)、幼儿园老师(76.7%)、相关机构(39.4%)、政府(29.9%);认为目前防治儿童忽视的教育未普及的可能原因是政府、社会不重视(59.9%)、没有成立相应的专业机构(57.8%)、家长或老师本身缺乏相应知识(57.4%)、社会、医疗和教育机构宣传不力(47.4%)、宣传形式和内容不佳(40.7%)、没有相应的立法(37.3%)等;同时95.4%的家长呼吁应该成立相应的防治儿童忽视的机构、法律援助机构或立法保护儿童。结论 3～6岁儿童家长儿童忽视相关知识严重匮乏,相应的健康教育远远不足,而家长态度是肯定的、对其需求迫切,但现实与需求相差甚远。应加强健康教育,注意家庭、幼儿园是健康教育的重点,同时呼吁政府、社会、家长、老师应关注防治儿童忽视。Objective To investigate the knowledge,attitude and practice on child neglect among parents/carers of the preschool children in Guangdong Province. Methods A self-designed questionnaire survey concerning the knowledge,attitude and behavior on child neglect was conducted among 621 parents/carers of preschool children aged 3～6 years from four cities（Dongguan,Huizhou,Zhongshan,and Foshan） in Guangdong Province. Results Only 5.4% of the parents/carers knew the child neglect and its relevant contents,and 55.9% had never heard about it.About 90.7%～97.4% of the surveyed parents/carers held that the publicity and education of knowledge on prevention and control of child neglect should be conducted,and they needed and were willing to learn the knowledge more.Some 91.0% of them were willing to do something on prevention and control of child neglect in their power.The common behaviors of the parents/carers toward their children ranged in the order of warmth/ understanding（72.4%）.sternness（48.6%）,scolding（43.3%）,excess protection（19.6%）,and refusal（18.2%）.Never performed behaviors ranged in the order of threat（65.2%）,excess interference（50.5%）,punishment（38.7%）,excess protection（37.4%）,and negation（29.7%）.They believed that places where the cases of child neglect took place were house（78.3%）,kindergarten（61.0%）,and public site（40.3%）;the responsibility of protecting children aged 3～6 years rested with parent/carer（95.3%）,kindergarten teacher（76.7%）,correlative organization,and government（29.9%）;and the causes for not popularized education on prevention and control of child neglect were indifference of government/society（59.9%）,lack of established special agency（57.8%）,parent＇s/carer＇s or teacher＇s lack of the relevant knowledge（57.4%）,inadequate publicity by social or medical or educational organization（47.4%）,inappropriate form and content of publicity（40.7%）,and lack of relevant legislation（37.3%）.Some 95.4% of the paren

关 键 词：3~6岁儿童 家长 儿童忽视 知识、态度、行为 现况调查 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]