模拟不同海拔水下爆炸气泡动态特性研究  

Study on Bubble Dynamics of Underwater Explosion in Simulated Different Altitude Conditions

作　　者：黄麟[1] 张立[1] 国志达 熊苏[1] 马勇[1] 张凯[1] 翟晓蓉 

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学化工学院,淮南232001 [2]北京北方爆破工程有限责任公司,北京100089 [3]浙江永联民爆器材有限公司永进分公司,金华321100

出　　处：《爆破》2012年第1期87-90,105,共5页Blasting

摘　　要：不同海拔高度进行水下爆破工程时,因水体表面气压随海拔的升高而线性降低,其装药爆炸产生的气泡脉动过程及气泡大小将会发生一定的变化。通过爆炸载荷的测试以及高速摄影2种测试方法对气泡脉动进行了研究。结果表明:在海拔0～4 500 m范围内随着气压降低,气泡脉动周期按二阶多项式规律显著增大,2种方法所得数值误差小于3.8%,数据一致性较好;在海拔0～3 500 m范围内气泡最大半径随海拔升高而线性变大,而4 000 m和4 500 m有突跃变化。将研究结果与水下爆炸气泡周期理论公式进行了比较,并对理论公式在低气压这一特定条件下进行修正,得出的气泡脉动周期系数由原来的2.11修正为1.995,而气泡最大半径系数是一个与海拔有关的一次函数。The air pressure of water surface decreases linearly with the altitude increasing for underwater explosion engineering in the different altitude area,it has very important significance for the blasting construction whether process of bubble pulsation and bubble size changes or not after the charge explosion.The research for bubble pulsation use explosive load test and high-speed photography test in this paper.The research show that the period of bubble pulsation increasing significantly by the rule of second order polynomial when the air pressure decreases gradually in the range of 0~4 500 m,and it has good data reliability for two test values error is less than 3.8%;the maximum radius of the bubble increases linearly when the air pressure decreases gradually in the range of 0~3 500 m,the values of 4000m and 4500m have significant changes.Compared with the existing theory formula of underwater explosions,correct the theoretical formulas in low pressure conditions and get the coefficient of the bubble pulsation period from 2.11 to 1.995;and the factor of maximum bubble radius is a function with altitude.

关 键 词：水下爆炸 气泡脉动 气泡最大直径 爆炸载荷 高速摄影 

分 类 号：O382.1[理学—流体力学]