国产风疹疫苗的近期和远期效果评价  

Short and long term effects of rubella vaccine made in China

作　　者：徐福根[1] 黄诚孝[1] 姚怀芳 许二萍[1] 陈康凯[1] 蒋金香[1] 李励[1] 黄利明[1] 祝水芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州市卫生防疫站,浙江杭州310006

出　　处：《疾病控制杂志》2000年第1期32-34,共3页Chinese Journal of Disease Control and Prevention

摘　　要：目的　评价国产 BRD 株风疹减毒活疫苗的安全性和效果。方法　观察风疹疫苗接种后临床反应 ,抗体动态变化和发病情况。结果　该苗接种后低、中度发热率分为 18.7%和 4.12 % ,未发现其他严重反应。用不同代次 (D - 2 8、D - 31和 D - 2 6 )液体风疹疫苗免疫不同年龄组的抗体阳转率为 96 .6 7%～ 10 0 % ,GMRT为 5 9.82～ 84.6 4,各年龄组或疫苗组的差异无显著意义。用冻干风疹疫苗免疫 8～ 11月、1岁、2～ 3岁儿童 ,免疫后各年龄组抗体阳转率和 GMRT的差异也无统计学意义。液体风疹疫苗免疫成功后 1、2、10～ 11年的 HI抗体阴转率分别为 2 .6 9%、1.49%、4.5 5 % ,免疫后 10～ 11年的疫苗保护率为 10 0 %。冻干风疹疫苗应急接种后 ,2周内即可控制疫情 ,疫苗保护率 78.88%。结论　国产 BRD 株风疹减毒活疫苗反应轻微 ,培养 2 6～ 31代的疫苗均有良好的免疫原性 ,免疫效果至少维持 11年 ,该苗还可用于应急接种和对 8月龄儿童接种。Objective To evaluate safety and effect of rubella vaccine made in China. Methods Observation on clinical reaction, antibody dynamic change and situation of disease after administration of BRDⅡ strain live attenuated Rubella vaccine were carried out. Results Low and middle fever rates after immunization were 18 7% and 4 12% respectively. No severe adverse reactions were seen after inoculation. Antibody positive seroconversion rates of different groups vaccinated liquid form viccines of different passage histories (DⅡ 26,DⅡ 28, and DⅡ 31) were 96 67%～100%, and GMRT were 59 82～84 64. There was no significant difference among all age or vaccine groups. Comparison of antibody positive seroconversion rates and GMRTs in 8～11 months, 1 year and 2～3 years of age groups inoculated cryodesiccation form rubella vaccine also showed no statistical difference. Antibody negative seroconversion rates of subjects successfully immunized liquid form rubella vaccine were 2 69%,1 49% and 4 55% respectively after inoculating for 1,2, and 10～11 years. Ten to eleven years after vaccination, protective rate of this vaccine was 100%. Rubella epidemic situation was controlled in 2 weeks after emergent vaccination with cryodesiccation from rubella vaccine, protective rate of vaccine was 78 88%. Conclusions Clinical reactions of rubella vaccines are mild, immunogenicity of vaccines passed 26～31 generations is good. Antibody persistent time after immunization is above 11 years. Rubella vaccine could be applied to emergent vaccination and immunization for infants aged 8 months.

关 键 词：风疹 风疹疫苗 接种 免疫效果 

分 类 号：R511.203[医药卫生—内科学]