农民民主的可行性研究:以古希腊为例  

On the Possibility of Peasants' Democracy:Take Ancient Greece as an Example

作　　者：毕会成[1] 朱海[1] 王媛[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学历史文化旅游学院,辽宁大连116081

出　　处：《辽宁师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2012年第2期272-277,共6页Journal of Liaoning Normal University(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：纯粹的农民社会能不能达成民主?一般认为,在农民"市民化"之前,即被普遍的市场联结为横向平等的市民身份之前,农民并不能成为民主的动力和社会基础。但也有人认为,希腊的城邦民主是个特例,它是一群农民在城邦条件下建立并维系的民主。本文则证明,古代希腊的农民同历史上其他时期的农民一样,既相互隔绝、保守、愚昧,又不能自救,而且处于城市经济不间断的侵蚀之中。把民主与这样的农民联系在一起等于说民主可以代表落后的政治形态。即便特定的历史条件把农民客观上推到了社会的主导地位,比如在古代城邦条件下,土地所有者是城邦的当然公民,也绝不可能按照民主的原则组织政治生活。所谓古希腊的"农民民主"只是乌托邦理念在历史上的投影。Could a peasants＇ society have realized democracy It is usually taken as a rule that peasants could not become the motive force or social foundation before they become civilians or absolutely related to market.However,Greek polis democracy is sometimes regarded as an exception to the rule,which was felt to be established and sustained by peasants under the special circumstances of polis.This thesis endeavors to prove that the peasants of ancient Greece,like any ones in the course of history,were both mutually isolated,conservative,innocent,not self-saved,and under the ongoing erosion of urban economy.Linking democracy with such peasants is to say that democracy represents backward ideology.Even specific historical conditions push peasants onto social dominance,e.g.in old city states where the land owners are the natural citizens,political life still could not be organized by democratic principles.Therefore,the so called ＂peasants democracy＂ in ancient Greece is merely some reflection of Utopian notion on history.

关 键 词：农民 民主 市民 乌托邦 

分 类 号：K125[历史地理—历史学]