富士康丛集性自杀事件期间龙华厂区心理门诊求助者的临床特征  

Clinical characteristics of psycho-counseling employee clients in Foxconn' s Shenzhen factory during the suicide cluster

作　　者：方莉[1] 刘铁榜[1] 杨洪[1] 胡赤怡[1] 邹晓苇[1] 刘奋[1] 邱友胜[1] 杨曦[1] 王丰[1] 邓洁[1] 林雄标[1] 张文顺[1] 金冬[1] 李秋明[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市精神卫生中心,广东深圳518020

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2012年第3期186-192,共7页Chinese Mental Health Journal

摘　　要：目的:分析2010年富士康深圳员工丛集性自杀事件中到心理危机干预专家组求助员工的临床特征。方法:根据中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第3版(CCMD-3)诊断工具和心理问题的判定标准,收集354名到驻龙华厂区心理危机干预专家组求助员工的人口学特征、诊断类别、心理危机状况、与跳楼相关的精神心理问题和处理方式,并进行社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、事件影响量表修订版(IES-R)的评估。根据在厂工作时间区分为新员工组(≤6个月,103人)与老员工组(>6个月,110人),根据SAD PERSONS得分区分自杀低风险组(0～4分,105人)和高风险组(5～10分,108人),比较组间各项指标差异。结果:主要诊断前2位的为心境障碍(118例,33.3%)和心理问题(107例,30.2%)。新员工组的应激相关障碍、跳楼相关精神心理问题更多,老员工组心境障碍更多(均P<0.05)。老员工组的SCL-90总分以及各因子分(除外人际因子)、IES-R总分及侵扰因子分高于新员工组(P<0.05)。与自杀低风险组相比,高风险组男性、无伴侣者更多(均P<0.05),SSRS总分及因子分、SCSQ积极应对因子更低,SCL-90总分及因子分、IES-R总分及因子分更高,IES-R的PSD阳性筛出率更多(均P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,SCL-90抑郁因子分高(β=0.50)、男性(β=-0.26)、未婚(β=-0.27)、社会支持总分低(β=-0.21)、SCL-90总分高(β=0.42)、IES-R侵入因子高(β=0.22)和总分高(β=0.51),自杀风险越大(均P<0.05)。结论:本研究提示,现场心理救援需要兼具精神科和心理咨询危机干预知识的专业人员,对新、老员工的心理干预应有不同的侧重;提高心理健康水平尤其是减轻抑郁程度、增加社会支持、适当回避自杀事件可能是降低丛集性自杀期间员工自杀风险的重要途径。Objective： To analyze the clinical characteristics of psycho-counseling employed clients in FOX- CONN Shenzhen Longhua factory during the Cluster suicidal crisis in 2010. Methods： A cross-sectional study and cluster sampling method were conducted in 354 clients who asked help of crisis intervention team from May 18^th to July 31^st 2010. The diagnosis was made according to the Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders, Third Edition （CCMD-3） and the criteria of psychological problem. The clients＇demo^aphic data, diagnosis, crisis state, psycho- logical problems related to the cluster suicidal crisis and treatment categories were collected. The Social Support Scale （SSRS）, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire （SCSQ）, Symptom Check List （SCL-90） and Impact of E- vent Scale-Revised （IES-R） were used to test the clients. They were divided into new employee group （ ≤6 months, 103 cases） and old employee group （ 〉 6 months, 110 cases） according to working time. According to SAD PERSONS scores, the clients were divided into low risk group （0 -4 scores, 104 cases） and high risk group （5 - 10, 108 cases）. Results： In this sample, the top two main diagnosis categories were mood disorder （ 118 cases, 33.3% ） and psychological problem （ 107 cases, 30. 2% ）. New employee group had significantly more clients of stress related disorders and psychological problems related to the cluster suicidal crisis, while old employee group had significantly more clients of mood disorder （Ps 〈0. 05）. Old employee group had obvious higher total score in SCL-90 and all factor scores except personal relationship factor, and total score and intrusion factor score of IES-R were higher as well （Ps 〈 0. 05）. Compared to the low suicidal risk group, the high risk group had obviously more males and single clients （ Ps 〈 0. 05 ）, and lower total score and all factor scores in SSRS, lower positive coping fac- tor of SCSQ, higher total scores and all factor scores of SCL-90 and

关 键 词：丛集性自杀 外来劳务工 心理健康 自杀风险 心理咨询门诊 临床特征 横断面调查 

分 类 号：C913.9[经济管理] R749.055[社会学]