基于旬尺度的冬小麦干旱评估指标探讨  

Discussion of Evaluation Indices of Winter Wheat Drought Based on Ten-days Scale

作　　者：马志红[1,2] 成林[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局.河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点开放实验室,郑州450003 [2]河南省气象科学研究所,郑州450003

出　　处：《气象与环境科学》2012年第1期21-25,共5页Meteorological and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：中国气象局农业气象保障与应用技术重点开放实验室项目(AMF200907);国家自然科学基金面上项目(40875071)资助

摘　　要：探讨精细尺度上的干旱评估指标对于开展冬小麦干旱动态评估具有重要意义。在河南省选择灌耕比相对较小的代表站点,利用1971-2008年10月上旬至次年6月上旬逐日气象资料、冬小麦产量资料,计算了基于全生育期及旬尺度的缺水指数,提取了产量变化率序列,结果发现,冬小麦全生育期及旬缺水指数与产量变化率呈极显著相关。根据二者的回归方程及农业上划分干旱的标准,确定了河南省冬小麦干旱评估指标:全生育期,-1.5≤Hi<1为轻旱,-3.1≤Hi<-1.5为中旱,-4.6≤Hi<-3.1为重旱,Hi<-4.6为严重干旱;旬尺度上,0.8≤Hi<1为轻旱,-0.7≤Hi<0.8为中旱,-2.3≤Hi<-0.7为重旱,Hi<-2.3为严重干旱。It bad important sense to discuss the evaluation indices of drought in small scale for evalu- ating drought of winter wheat dynamically. The paper chose some representative stations in Henan province, the ratio of irrigation area to arable area was relatively small at those stations. Daily meteorologicaldata in winter wheat whole growing season （first ten days of October to first ten days of June of next year） from 1971 to 2008 and unit yield information for the stations above were used, and water deficit indices based on whole growing season and ten-days scale were calculated respectively, meanwhile, the series ofyield variation rate were extracted. The results showed that either water deficit indices based on whole growing season or ten days had highly significant correlation with yield variation rate. Taking the regres-sion equations between water deficit indices and yield variation rate, and the standard of drought degree division method for agriculture, the evaluation indices of drought for winter wheat in Henan province were determined. For whole growing season of winter wheat, the water deficit indices was represented by Hi, and - 1.5≤Hi 〈 1, - 3. 1 ≤ Hi 〈 - l. 5 , - 4.6 ≤Hi 〈 - 3. 1, Hi 〈 - 4.6 corresponded to light, moder- ate, heavy and severe drought respectively. In the scale of ten-days scale, 0.8≤ Hi 〈 1, - 0.7≤ Hi 〈 0.8, - 2.3 ≤ Hi 〈 - 0.7,Hi 〈 - 2.3 corresponded to light, moderate, heavy and severe drought respectively.

关 键 词：冬小麦 旬 干旱指标 缺水指数 

分 类 号：S423[农业科学—植物保护]