HIV感染者/AIDS病人社会支持现状及关怀对策  

THE STUDY ON SOCIAL SUPPORT STATUS AND CARING COUNTERMEASURE OF PLWHA

作　　者：张晖 杨燕君[2] 秦小洁[2] 谢丹[3] 吴少敏[4] 黄桂锋[2] 

机构地区：[1]广州市番禺区何贤纪念医院,广东广州511400 [2]广州市番禺区疾病预防控制中心,广东广州511400 [3]广东省第二人民医院,广东广州510317 [4]中山大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,广东广州510080

出　　处：《现代医院》2012年第3期5-8,共4页Modern Hospitals

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(编号:A2010517);广州市医药卫生科技项目(编号:2009-XB-188);广州市番禺区科技计划项目(编号:2011-Z-03-60)

摘　　要：目的研究HIV感染者/AIDS病人(PLWHA)社会支持现状,探讨其影响因素,为制定关怀对策提供依据。方法采用社会支持评定量表(SSRS)和评价方法,对PLWHA进行面对面问卷调查。结果 PLWHA的SSRS总分和三个维度分方面,50岁以上者相对低下,差异均有统计学意义(p<0.05);SSRS总分、客观支持分和主观支持分方面,未婚单身/分居/离婚者和在本市居住的非本市户籍者中居住年限在1年内者均相对低下,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);SSRS总分和客观支持分方面,男性、吸毒/同性恋/输血途径、独居者均相对低下,差异有统计学意义(p<0.05);SSRS总分和主观支持分方面,无业者低于有工作者,差异有统计学意义(p<0.05);SSRS总分方面,家庭经济状况一般及以下者均相对低下,差异有统计学意义(p<0.05);主观支持方面,文化程度在大专及以上者、无子女者和生活来源为退休金/社保/亲属支持/救济金者均相对低下,差异有统计学意义(p<0.05);客观支持和支持利用度方面,抗病毒治疗年限≥2年者相对低下,差异有统计学意义(p<0.05)。结论 PLWHA社会支持受多方面因素的影响,应在随访关怀过程中,有针对性的加强社会支持水平体系的构建,以提高PLWHA的生活质量。Objective To explore social support status and its relevant factors in PLWHA（ People Living with HIV/AIDS,PLWHA）. Provide the basis for the caring countermeasure. Methods Face to face interviews were conducted with So- cial Support Rating Scale（SSRS）. Results Among the 144 PLWHA, the SSRS total and three dimensions score, in over 50 years old people are relatively low, difference statistically significant （p 〈 0.05 ）. In the SSRS total and objective support and subjective support, unmarried singles/separation/divorce, in this city live but non -this city household registration who live in the city within 1 year were relative low, difference statistically significant （p 〈0. 05）. In the SSRS total and objective sup- port, male, drug addict, blood infection and alone at home who were relative low, difference statistically significant （p 〈 0. 05 ）. In the SSRS total and subjective support, unemployed people who were relative low, difference statistically significant （p 〈 0. 05 ）. In the SSRS total, family economic status general and the following who were relative low, difference statistically significant （p 〈 0. 05 ）. In the subjective support, education in junior college and above, no children and live depend the source of pension/social security/family support/benefits who were relatively low, difference statistically significant （p 〈 0. 05 ）. In the subjective support and the use of supports, intended duration of antiviral treatment in 2 years and above who were relatively low, difference statistically significant （p 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion HIV infection had lower levels of social sup- port. Social support in PLWHA have impact from various factors, should be in the process of follow - up care, targeted stren^thenintz construction of the social suooort system, to imnrove the aualitv of life for PLWHA.

关 键 词：艾滋病 社会支持 影响因素 问卷调查 关怀对策 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]