车削过程中刀具振动响应测试及分析  

Testing and analysis on vibration responses of cutting tool in turning process

作　　者：孟华[1] 李顺才[1] 刘玉庆[2] 

机构地区：[1]徐州师范大学机电工程学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]中国矿业大学力建学院,江苏徐州221008

出　　处：《实验技术与管理》2012年第3期80-83,86,共5页Experimental Technology and Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50974107);江苏省"青蓝工程"(10QLD006);徐州师范大学研究生科研创新计划项目(2011YLA008);实验室建设与管理研究课题(L2011Y11)

摘　　要：利用QLVC-ZSA1振动信号分析仪及加速度传感器,对数控车床在不同切削要素的车削过程中刀具的振动响应进行了测试及量化研究,得到了刀具振动加速度信号的时域曲线及自功率谱密度曲线。研究表明:刀具的振动响应是一个随车削进行的时变过程,在同一走刀相同车削要素的车削过程中,随着去除材料的增加,刀具所受的激振能量减少;随着切削深度的增加,刀具振动的最大自功率谱密度并非单调增加,车削深度对于刀具振动的影响存在一个临界值;随着主轴转速及进给速度的提高,刀具振动的自谱密度值随之增大,而相应的振动频率降低。By means of the QLVC-ZSA1 analysis instrument of vibration signals and acceleration sensor, the vi- bration responses of the cutting tool are tested and quantitatively studied for the turning process of the numeri- cally controlled lathe under the different cutting elements, and the time series curves and the self-power spec- tral density curves of the acceleration vibration signals of the cutting tool are obtained. The study indicates that （1） the vibration response of the cutting tool is a time-varying process with the operating of the turning. For the turning period with same turning parameters in a tool moving path, the hammer vibration energy of the cutting tool decreases with the increase of the material removal; （2） with the increase in cutting depth, the maximum of the self-power spectral density of the tool vibration doesn＇t increase monotonically and the cutting depth has a critical value for the effect on the tool vibration; （3） with the increase in the spindle speed and feeding velocity, the self-power spectral density of the tool vibration also increases, while the corresponding vi- bration frequency decreases.

关 键 词：数控车床 车削 刀具振动 自功率谱密度 

分 类 号：TG519.1[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]